国产立体测图卫星典型冰川区高精度DEM生产及质量对比  

Comparison and analysis of high precision DEM production and quality in typical glacier regions of domestic stereometric mapping satellites

作　　者：朱思奥 李国元 郭金权 张焜 张帅台 裴亮[2] Zhu Siao;Li Guoyuan;Guo Jinquan;Zhang Kun;Zhang Shuaitai;Pei Liang(Land Satellite Renots Sensing Application Center,Ministry of Natural Resources of P.R.China,Beijing 100048,China;School of Surveying and Mapping and Geographic Sciences,Liaoning University of Engineering and Technology,Fuxin 123000,China;Beijing SatImage Information Technology Co.,Ltd,Beijing 100040,China;Qinghai Geological Survey Institute,Xining 810012,China;College of Surveying and Geographic Information,Lanzhou Jiaotong University,Lanzhou 730070,China)

机构地区：[1]自然资源部国土卫星遥感应用中心,北京100048 [2]辽宁工程技术大学测绘与地理科学学院,辽宁阜新123000 [3]北京国测星绘信息技术有限公司,北京100040 [4]青海省地质调查院,青海西宁810012 [5]兰州交通大学测绘与地理信息学院,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《红外与激光工程》2023年第10期186-202,共17页Infrared and Laser Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41871382,41971425)。

摘　　要：数字高程模型(Digital Elevation Model,DEM)是开展青藏高原冰川研究的重要基础数据。随着国产立体测图卫星的快速发展,自主可控地获取青藏高原冰川区高精度DEM成为可能。该研究综合采用资源三号、高分七号卫星的立体影像和激光测高数据,分别生成冰川区域5 m和2 m格网的DEM,并选择岗钦及普若岗日等两处冰川为实验区,将国产卫星DEM与国外的AW3D、SRTM、TanDEM、HMA DEM等多种开源数字高程模型进行对比分析,并采用ICESat-2星载激光测高数据开展DEM绝对高程精度验证。结果表明:与中等空间分辨率的开源DEM相比,基于国产立体测图卫星影像生产的DEM高程精度更优,且格网更精细、更能详细描述冰川末端纹理特征;与高空间分辨率数据集HMA DEM对比高程精度,资源三号DEM略差、高分七号DEM更优,且在覆盖完整性方面国产卫星DEM均优于HMA DEM。综上所述,基于国产立体测图卫星可以实现冰川区高精度DEM的获取,能够为青藏高原冰川研究提供自主可控、精度可靠的地形参考数据。Objective The glaciers on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau are an important freshwater reserve resource in China.In the context of global warming,glaciers on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau are generally in retreat,affecting China’s water resources reserves.Therefore,it is necessary to monitor changes in glaciers on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.The existing DEM(Digital elevation model)for complex terrain applications in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau region have insufficient descriptions of glacier details or data gaps,which cannot reflect glacier characteristics well and are not suitable for monitoring elevation changes in mountain glaciers and small ice caps.This article is based on the autonomous and controllable production of high-precision and finer grid DEMs in the glacier area of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau using domestic stereo mapping satellites.Methods When producing DEM using satellite remote sensing stereo images,field control points are often required.However,the research area is located in high mountain glacier areas,making it difficult for personnel to reach and collect control points.The GF-7 satellite laser altimetry data product has the characteristic of high elevation accuracy and can be used as elevation control points in complex terrain areas.The specific methods are as follows:Firstly,conduct preliminary screening of GF-7 laser points and select laser points in bare areas;Secondly,the matching algorithm based on phase correlation is used to determine the homonymous points of GF-7 laser points on the stereo image,establishing the connection between the laser points and the stereo image;Thirdly,establish the Affine transformation model between the laser point and the stereo image to realize the image square compensation of the stereo image,update the RPC(Rational Polynomial Coefficients,RPC)information of the stereo image,optimize the orientation parameters of the stereo image,and improve its stereo mapping accuracy;Finally,high-precision DEM is extracted through dense image matching to complete highprecision DEM

关 键 词：激光测高 青藏高原冰川 数字高程模型 高分七号 资源三号 

分 类 号：P237[天文地球—摄影测量与遥感]