桑戈尔“黑人精神”思想的来源、内涵及其世界意义  

A Study on the Origin,Implication and the World Significance of Senghor's Negritude

作　　者：张弛 焦凤梅 ZHANG Chi;JIAO Fengmei

机构地区：[1]上海电力大学马克思主义学院,201306

出　　处：《国外社会科学前沿》2023年第7期49-63,共15页JOURNAL OF INTERNATIONAL SOCIAL SCIENCES

基　　金：上海市哲学社会科学规划课题“非洲政治人物思想研究——以桑戈尔为例”(2022ZLS002);上海市马克思主义理论教学研究“中青年拔尖人才”支持计划项目(2020BJ24);上海电力大学—上海国际问题研究院“马克思主义中国化与能源电力发展协同创新研究中心”项目;上海市高校青年教师培养资助重点项目(ZZ202211014)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：列奥波德·桑戈尔是现代非洲著名政治家、思想家。作为西非塞内加尔开国总统,更是以“黑人精神”的倡导者闻名于世。桑戈尔的黑人精神思想学说实际上是在继承了布莱登的“非洲个性”、弗罗贝纽斯的非洲文明观等基础上的新发展,激发黑人对传统文明的寻根意识,恢复黑人的尊严和个性,最终实现非洲独立与解放之目的。起初,桑戈尔从文化角度阐述“黑人精神”,其表现形式为黑人文化民族主义。后来,桑戈尔又将“黑人精神”延伸到政治领域,产生了“民主社会主义”的构想。在桑戈尔看来,民主社会主义就是对“黑人精神”的回归,是非洲社会主义的一种形态,实际上是将社会民主与社会主义相结合。“黑人精神”本质上是一种非洲批判理论,不仅是对白人种族主义、殖民主义和不平等观念的否定,也在一定意义上超越了黑人激进主义,成为非洲宝贵的精神财富之一,且与人类命运共同体理念有共通之处,具有重要的世界意义。Leopold Sedar Senghor is a famous modern African politician and thinker.He was the founding president of The Republic of Senegal and was known as an advocator of the"Negritude".Senghor's Negritude is actually a new development on the basis of Edward Blyden's"Africanity"and the African civilization view of Frobenius,which stimulates the African people's root-seeking consciousness of traditional civilization,restores the dignity and individuality of the African people,and finally realizes the goal of African independence and liberation.At first,Senghor expounds his Negritude from the cultural perspective,and its expression form is African cultural nationalism.Later,he extends the Negritude to the political field and produces the idea of"democratic socialism".In Senghor's opinion,democratic socialism is the return of the Negritude and a form of African socialism,which is actually the combination of social democracy and socialism.In essence,Negritude is an African critical theory,which not only negates white racism,colonialism and inequality,but also transcends African radicalism and becomes one of the precious spiritual wealth of Africa.It has many things in common with the community of human destiny and has great world significance.

关 键 词：桑戈尔 黑人精神 非洲传统文化 中非命运共同体 

分 类 号：G63[文化科学—教育学]