孤独症谱系障碍社交障碍理论假说研究进展  

Research progress in the theories and hypothesis of autistic social impairment

作　　者：胡文静 贺婷丽 张哲 徐成铭 徐红艳 周章盈 崔鑫鑫 李立国 张继伟 董献文 HU Wenjing;HE Tingli;ZHANG Zhe;XU Chengming;XU Hongyan;ZHOU Zhangying;CUI Xinxin;LI Liguo;ZHANG Jiwei;DONG Xianwen(The Fifth Affili-ated Hospital of Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou 450052,China)

机构地区：[1]郑州大学第五附属医院,郑州450052 [2]河南省康复重点实验室,河南省康复临床医学中心 [3]郑州卫生职业学校

出　　处：《中国神经精神疾病杂志》2023年第8期509-512,I0001,共5页Chinese Journal of Nervous and Mental Diseases

基　　金：河南省健康省部共建重点项目(编号:SBGJ202002123);河南省高等学校重点科研项目(编号:21A320058)。

摘　　要：社交障碍是孤独症谱系障碍(autism spectrum disorders,ASD)患者核心症状之一,严重影响ASD患者社会生活。目前,针对ASD社交障碍成因的理论假说较多且尚无统一定论,本综述主要介绍社会动机理论、心理理论、强烈世界理论、“社会脑”理论、共情失衡假说、眼神回避理论和兴奋与抑制平衡七种经典理论假说,其神经机制涉及多个脑区,并包括脑环路、脑网络、神经递质等方面,每种假说尚存在解释领域有限等问题。本综述旨在加强理论间联系,并为相关理论假说的发展提供参考依据。Social impairment is one of the core symptoms of autism spectrum disorders(ASD),which seriously affects the social life of the patient.At present,there are many hypotheses on the causes of social disorder in ASD and there is no unified conclusion.This review mainly introduces seven classical theories and hypotheses:social motivation theory,theory of mind,intense world theory,"social brain"theory,empathy imbalance hypothesis,eye avoidance theory and excitatory/inhibitory balance.Their neural mechanisms involve multiple brain regions,and include brain circuits,brain networks,as well as neurotransmitters.Each hypothesis still has unexplainable domains and other issues.This review aims to strengthen the connection between theories and provide reference for the development of relevant theories and hypotheses.

关 键 词：孤独症谱系障碍 社交障碍 理论假说 社会动机 心理理论 社会脑 兴奋/抑制平衡 

分 类 号：R749.94[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]