基于历史视角的元代中医舌诊变革动因探析  

Discussion on the Motivation of Tongue Diagnosis Reform in Yuan Dynasty Based on Historical Perspective

作　　者：刘方旻 崔家祥 冯鲁燕 田琪 任健[1] LIU Fangmin;CUI Jiaxiang;FENG Luyan(Shandong University of Troditional Chinese Medicine,Ji'nan,250355,China)

机构地区：[1]山东中医药大学,济南250355

出　　处：《浙江中医药大学学报》2023年第9期1068-1072,共5页Journal of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University

基　　金：山东省研究生教育优质课程项目(SDYKC20052);山东省自然科学基金面上项目(ZR2020MH346)。

摘　　要：[目的]探寻元代舌诊理论变革的历史动因,为现代中医舌诊相关研究提供参考。[方法]梳理元代前中医舌诊理论发展脉络,结合气候史、思想史、医疗卫生制度发展史及科技史等,对元代中医舌诊变革进行多学科分析。[结果]多变的自然气候和随之而来的民族扰动是元代舌诊变革的基础原因,而社会文化的变迁对元代舌诊进步有重要意义,其中“理学”的构建为宋元医学注入了精神活力,元代统治者对医学的重视则提供了制度保障,造纸术与印刷术的长足进步更是元代舌诊革新的重要催化剂,而人是元代舌诊理论革新中最活跃的因素。[结论]元代舌诊变革动因对于现代中医舌诊理论创新具有借鉴意义,充分发挥人的作用,重视相关舌诊人才的培养,增强社会对中医药的整体认可,可能是现代舌诊理论发展的关键。[Objective]To explore the historical motivation of the theoretical reform of tongue diagnosis in the Yuan Dynasty,and provide reference for the research on tongue diagnosis in modern Chinese medicine.[Methods]To sort out the development of the tongue diagnosis theory of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)before the Yuan Dynasty,and to conduct a multidisciplinary analysis of the change of tongue diagnosis of TCM in the Yuan Dynasty in combination with the history of climate,ideology,medical and health system development and science and technology.[Results]The changeable natural climate and the following national disturbance were the basic reasons for the change of tongue diagnosis in the Yuan Dynasty,and the changes of social culture were of great significance to the progress of tongue diagnosis in the Yuan Dynasty.Among them,the construction of“Neo-Confucianism”injected spiritual vitality into the medicine of the Song and Yuan Dynasties,and the attention paid by the rulers of the Yuan Dynasty to medicine provided institutional guarantee.The rapid progress of paper-making and printing was also an important catalyst for the reform of tongue diagnosis in the Yuan Dynasty.At the same time,people were the most active factor in the theoretical innovation of tongue diagnosis in the Yuan Dynasty.[Conclusion]The reason for the change of tongue diagnosis in the Yuan Dynasty is of referential significance for the innovation of tongue diagnosis theory of modern Chinese medicine.It may be the key to the development of modern tongue diagnosis theory to give full play to the role of people,attach importance to the training of relevant tongue diagnosis talents,and enhance the overall recognition of Chinese medicine by the society.

关 键 词：元代 舌诊 敖氏伤寒金镜录 动因探析 中医诊断学 医学史 

分 类 号：R276[医药卫生—中医五官科学]