道德信息在印象更新中的作用  

The Role of Moral Information in Impression Updating

作　　者：陈莉[1] 欧瑶 李维娜 曹师静 Chen Li;Ou Yao;Li Weina;Cao Shijing(School of Psychology,Northwest Normal University,Lanzhou,730070)

机构地区：[1]西北师范大学心理学院,兰州730070

出　　处：《心理科学》2023年第5期1046-1056,共11页Journal of Psychological Science

基　　金：西北师范大学青年教师科研能力提升计划骨干项目(2018SKGG06)的资助。

摘　　要：以往研究只关注道德对印象形成的作用,忽略了道德对印象更新的影响。因此,本研究以刻板印象内容模型为基础,探讨了道德对印象更新的影响以及引发印象更新的道德信息强度条件。通过对比道德信息和社交信息以及道德信息和能力信息,结果发现:(1)对他人的印象会根据与先前不一致的新信息进行更新;(2)在刻板印象内容模型下,道德信息在印象更新中比社交和能力两个维度更能发挥重要作用;(3)高强度的道德信息比低强度的道德信息更能引起印象更新。这些结果表明,道德对印象更新起主导作用,且道德信息的强度越高,越能够引起更大的印象更新。Impression formation refers to receive information from an individual and forming an opinion on one’s characteristics and personality.Previous studies on concrete factors that promote or hinder the formation of impressions have focused on the two-dimensional model of stereotype(i.e.,warmth and ability).The warmth dimension of the two-dimensional stereotype model has been recently derived into moral and social dimensions.However,compared with abundant studies on how moral influences impression formation,the literature on how moral influences impression updating is extremely limited,and these limited researches have not systematically compared the roles of moral,social and ability dimensions in promoting impression updating,as well as the different influences of different information intensities on impression updating.Therefore,this study highlights the important role of moral information in impression updating by comparing moral information with social information and moral information with ability information in the Chinese context,and further divides the high and low strength of moral information to explain the information strength conditions that trigger impression updating.Two studies were designed to test the above hypotheses.Study 1 was divided into two parts.First of all,Experiment 1 adopted a 2(the first behavioral dimension:morality,sociality)×2(information valence:positive,negative)×2(the second behavioral dimension:morality,sociality)within subject design,aiming at comparing the influence of moral information and social information on impression updating process.The results showed that when forming the first impression,positive moral information produces more positive impressions than positive social information,and vice versa.After calculating the impression update score,it is found that moral information can produce greater impression update than social information under both positive and negative valence conditions.Experiment 2 also adopted a 2(first behavioral dimension:morality,ability)×2(info

关 键 词：道德信息 印象形成 印象更新 信息强度 

分 类 号：B82-0[哲学宗教—伦理学]