ESG视角下上市公司职工董事的制度定位与职能重构  

The Institutional Positioning and Functional Restructuring of Employee Directors in Listed Companies from an ESG Perspective

作　　者：刘东辉 LIU Dong-hui(School of Civil,Commercial and Economic Law,China University of Political Science and Law,Beijing,100088)

机构地区：[1]中国政法大学民商经济法学院

出　　处：《云南社会科学》2023年第6期114-124,共11页Social Sciences in Yunnan

基　　金：中国政法大学青年教师学术创新团队支持计划(项目号:20CXTD08)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：本轮公司法修订调整了公司监督模式,职工董事将成为上市公司主要的职工参与方式,由此引发了对职工董事制度定位的争议。ESG投资、评级与信息披露的实践与立法表明,职工权益保护与人力资本管理已成为ESG治理的关键议题,上市公司在处理人力资本风险与机遇方面进行了有益探索,也面临专业与信息不足的困境。基于职工身份与信息优势,职工董事能够发挥职工利益保护与人力资本管理的独特制度价值。职工董事在财务和业务监督方面存在专业和能力缺陷,不应强制其参与审计委员会。职工董事的主要制度功能是职工利益保护和人力资本管理,监管机构应为职工董事参与ESG委员会或人力资本与薪酬委员会、评估与审核人力资本相关信息披露、劳动合规体系构建这三大方面配置相应的特别职权。为了充分发挥职工董事在ESG治理中的功能,证监会和全国总工会需协同构建保障职工董事独立、勤勉履职的规则体系,以增强职工董事的履职能力。The current round of company law revision has adjusted the company supervision mode,and employee directors will become the main way of employee participation in listed companies,which has triggered the controversy over the positioning of the employee director system.The practice and legislation of ESG investment,rating and information disclosure show that the protection of employees' rights and interests and the management of human capital have become the key issues of ESG governance,and listed companies have carried out a useful exploration on the handling of risks and opportunities of human capital.The listed companies have made useful explorations in dealing with human capital risks and opportunities,but they also face the dilemma of insufficient professionalism and information.Based on their employee status and information advantages,employee directors can realize the unique institutional value of employee interest protection and human capital management.Employee directors should not be forced to participate in audit committees because of their professional and competence deficiencies in financial and operational supervision.The main institutional functions of employee directors are the protection of employee interests and human capital management.Regulators should allocate special powers for employee directors to participate in ESG committees or human capital and compensation committees,evaluate and review human capital-related information disclosure,and build labor compliance systems.To give full play to the function of employee directors in ESG governance,the SEC and the National Federation of Trade Unions need to work together to formulate a system of rules to ensure that employee directors are independent and diligent in performing their duties to enhance the ability of employee directors to perform their duties.

关 键 词：ESG 上市公司 职工董事 人力资本管理 ESG委员会 

分 类 号：D913.991[政治法律—民商法学]