负重振动训练对公路自行车运动员下肢力量影响的研究  

Study on the effect of weight vibration training on the lower limb strength of road cyclists

作　　者：张娜 ZHANG Na(Liaoning Baiye Sports Training Base,Shenyang 110173,Liaoning,China)

机构地区：[1]辽宁省柏叶体育训练基地,辽宁沈阳110173

出　　处：《辽宁体育科技》2023年第6期63-68,共6页Liaoning Sport Science and Technology

摘　　要：目的:探讨为期6周的负重振动训练对公路自行车运动员下肢力量的影响。方法:选取20名男子公路自行车运动员并随机分为对照组和实验组,每组10人。对照组进行常规负重力量训练,实验组采用负重振动训练,训练共持续6周,每周3次,每次60min。分别在实验前后对所有运动员进行下肢等速肌力和下蹲跳(CMJ)测试,分析比较实验前后两组运动员下肢力量的提高情况。结果:对照组和实验组运动员等速肌力和CMJ测试在实验前均无显著性差异(P>0.05);经过6周的不同训练干预,在等速肌力测试60°/s时,接受负重振动训练的实验组公路自行车运动员髋关节、膝关节屈肌群和伸肌群峰值力矩以及踝关节的跖屈和背屈肌群峰值力矩均有显著提高(P<0.05),并且显著优于采用传统负重训练的对照组运动员(P<0.05);在180°/s等速肌力测试时,实验组运动员髋关节、膝关节的屈肌群和伸肌群峰值力矩显著提高(P<0.05),且与对照组相比差异显著(P<0.05),实验组踝关节的跖屈和背屈肌群峰值力矩提高不显著(P>0.05),与对照组相比差异也不显著(P>0.05),但提高幅度要高于对照组。实验组运动员负重振动训练后CMJ成绩有了显著提高(P<0.05),并且显著高于对照组运动员(P<0.05)。结论:6周的负重振动训练能够有效提高公路自行车运动员的下肢最大力量、快速力量和爆发力,并且训练效果要优于传统负重力量训练。Objective:To explore the effect of 6-week weight-bearing vibration training on the lower limb strength of road cyclists.Method:20 male road cyclists were randomly divided into a control group and an experimental group,with 10 people in each group.The control group received routine weight bearing strength training,while the experimental group received weight bearing vibration training,which lasted for 6 weeks,three times a week,60 minutes each time.Conduct lower limb isokinetic muscle strength and squat jump(CMJ)tests on all athletes before and after the experiment,and analyze and compare the improvement of lower limb strength of two groups of athletes with different training methods before and after the experiment.Result:There was no significant difference in isokinetic muscle strength and CMJ test between the control group and the experimental group athletes before the experiment(P>0.05);After 6 weeks of different training interventions,the experimental group of road cyclists who received weight-bearing vibration training significantly increased the peak torque of the hip joint,knee joint flexor and extensor muscle groups,as well as the peak torque of the ankle joint plantar flexor and dorsal flexor muscle groups(P<0.05),and was significantly better than the control group of athletes who received traditional weight-bearing training(P<0.05);During the 180°/s isokinetic muscle strength test,the peak torque of the flexor and extensor muscles in the hip and knee joints of the experimental group athletes was significantly increased(P<0.05),and the difference was significant compared to the control group(P<0.05).The peak torque of the plantar flexor and dorsal flexor muscles in the ankle joint of the experimental group was not significantly increased(P>0.05),and the difference was not significant compared to the control group(P>0.05),but the increase was higher than the control group.The CMJ scores of the experimental group athletes showed a significant improvement after weight bearing vibration training(P<0.05),and

关 键 词：振动训练 公路自行车运动员 下肢力量 

分 类 号：G804.6[文化科学—运动人体科学] G872.3[文化科学—体育学]