“才”字因果句  

Complex Sentences with Cái(才)

作　　者：伍依兰[1] WU Yi-an(College of International Cultural Exchange,Central China Normal University,Wuhan 430079)

机构地区：[1]华中师范大学国际文化交流学院,武汉430079

出　　处：《语言研究》2023年第4期35-44,共10页Studies in Language and Linguistics

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究规划基金项目“汉语排他性范畴研究”(20YJA740046);国家社会科学基金重大招标项目“现代汉语源流考”(22&ZD294)。

摘　　要：“才”字因果句,是由关联副词“才”构成的因果句。从关联标记的使用看,有时只使用“才”,有时除了“才”还有连词果标、因标及其配合。“才”字因果句的因标“因为”前可以添加断言成分、范围成分、评价成分、语势成分、时间频率成分、功能语气成分和关联成分。“才”字因果句的原因和结果并非一定是现实性的,也可以是非现实性的。“才”字因果句的原因和结果有积极性和消极性之分。“才”字因果句表示必要性原因,在特定句式的制约下或者在特定语境的约定下,可以表示唯一性原因。由于原因的必要性,“才”字因果句可以转化为“才”字必要性条件句。In Chinese,the particle cái(才)can be used to construct causal complex sentences.In such sentences,cái(才)is used independently or combined with markers of causation or result.If it is combined with a marker of causation such as yīnwéi(因为),it is plausible to add further assertional components,quantificational restrictions,force and modal expressions,phrases concerning temporal frequency,and also some relative components.The cause and result expressed in causal complex sentences with cái(才)could be either factive or non-factive and could be either positive or negative(in terms of speaker's propositional attitude).The cause contained in causal complex sentences with cái(才)express necessary condition,which could acquire the flavor of sufficiency under certain syntactic environments or contextual restrictions.Owing to the necessity of the cause therein contained,causal complex sentences with Cái(才)are convertible to conditional sentences with Cái(才).

关 键 词：才 因果句 必要性 唯一性 

分 类 号：H146[语言文字—汉语]