老年人生产性活动对认知功能的影响——抑郁的中介作用  

The impact of the elderly productive activities on cognitive function—themeditating effect of depression

作　　者：陈昊 陈娜 CHEN Hao;CHEN Na(School of Health Economics and Management,Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine,Nanjing,Jiangsu 210000,China)

机构地区：[1]南京中医药大学卫生经济管理学院,江苏南京210000

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2023年第20期3773-3778,共6页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：江苏省中医药科技发展计划专题研究项目(ZT202202);江苏省高等教育教改研究课题重点项目(2021JSJG053);养老服务与管理学院(南京中医药大学)专项研究项目(2023YLFWYGL013)。

摘　　要：目的探究生产性活动对认知功能的影响,验证抑郁在影响过程中的中介作用,为认知功能的干预提供参考依据。方法利用2013年、2015年、2018年中国健康与养老追踪调查(CHARLS)数据,使用最小二乘虚拟变量法(Least Square Dummy Variable)固定时间和省份效应探究生产性活动对认知功能的作用,使用Bootstrap法验证抑郁的中介作用。结果固定时间和省份效应并加入控制变量后,回归显示生产性活动对认知功能的直接效应为0.187(95%CI:0.072~0.302),抑郁的中介效应为0.025(95%CI:0.005~0.045),中介效应占比11.8%。从事生产性活动的老年人认知功能得分将高于不从事18.8%。生产性活动类型中照顾孙子女和志愿服务对认知功能具有正向影响,回归系数分别为0.185(P<0.01),0.474(P=0.025),而再就业呈负向显著,回归系数为-0.109(P=0.047)。结论生产性活动对认知功能具有正向显著影响,并通过减弱抑郁程度,保护认知功能,抑郁在生产性活动和认知功能中发挥部分中介作用。Objective To explore the impact of productive activities on cognitive function and to explore the mediating role of depression between productive activities and cognitive function.Methods Using the 2013,2015 and 2018 data of China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study,the Least Square Dummy Variable(LSDV)was used to explore the effects of productive activities on cognitive function by fixing time and provincial effects.The Bootstrap method was used to verify the mediating effect of depression.Results The direct effect of productive activities on cognitive function was 0.187(95%CI:0.072-0.302),the mediating effect of depression was 0.025(95%CI:0.005-0.045),and the mediating effect accounted for 11.8%.The elderly people who engaged in productive activities achieved 18.8%higher cognitive function scores than those who do not engaged in.Among the types of productive activities,taking care of grandchildren(β=0.185,P<0.01)and volunteering(β=0.474,P=0.025)had a positive and significant impact on cognitive function,while re-employment showed a negative and significant impact(β=-0.109,P=0.047).Conclusion:Productive activities have a positive and significant impact on cognitive function,via reducing the degree of depression to protecting cognitive function.Depression plays a partial mediating effect between productive activities and cognitive function.

关 键 词：生产性老龄化 认知功能 抑郁 中介效应 LSDV法 

分 类 号：R749.4[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]