土壤稀土元素的迁移-富集机制及其生态效应  

Migration enrichment mechanism and ecological effects of rare earth elements in soil

作　　者：林卓玲 黄光庆[1,2,3] LIN Zhuoling;HUANG Guangqing(Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou 510640,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;Guangdong Open Laboratory of Geospatial Information Technology and Application,Guangzhou Institute of Geography,Guangdong Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou 510070,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院广州地球化学研究所,广州510640 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]广东省科学院广州地理研究所广东省地理空间信息技术与应用公共实验室,广州510070

出　　处：《地球环境学报》2023年第5期521-538,共18页Journal of Earth Environment

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41771024)。

摘　　要：稀土被称为“工业维生素”。随着稀土元素使用日益增加,导致其在土壤广泛分布并不断积累。土壤中稀土元素的地球化学过程已成为全球关注的热点。本文通过检索土壤环境稀土元素方向研究文献,综述土壤稀土元素迁移-富集机制的研究进展,识别土壤稀土元素主要来源,探讨土壤稀土元素的含量分布、分馏特征和赋存相态,以及稀土元素迁移富集和分馏的影响因素,分析稀土元素对土壤理化性质、动物、植物和微生物等产生的生态效应,以及对人体健康的潜在威胁,提出土壤稀土元素未来研究的关键问题和方向。相关认识有助于理解和掌握稀土元素在土壤中的迁移和归趋,并为稀土污染防治提供理论依据。Background,aim,and scope Rare earth elements(REEs)are known as“industrial vitamins”.The increasing use of REEs has led to their widespread distribution and accumulation in the soil,and they are considered emerging pollutants.Southern China contains granite bodies in which ion-adsorption-type REE deposits have formed due to surface weathering.REEs are highly soluble and prone to migrate by leaching into the surrounding soil environment,a process affected by the weathering crust medium,climatic conditions and geomorphic characteristics of the natural environment.REE pollution is believed to pose a long-term ecological risk in China.As both an important“source”and“sink”of pollutants,the soil environment is an important window through which to study the migration and enrichment processes of REEs.To make efficient use of REE resources,while controlling associated pollution,geochemists and environmental scientists worldwide have investigated the geochemical processes of REEs in soil.This paper presents an analysis of the sources,processes and ecological risks relating to soil REE pollution based on a review of research on REEs in soil surface environments,and proposes future research and development directions and key problems relating to soil REEs.The paper will provide a reference to support further exploration of the migration and enrichment of REEs in soil and the evaluation of the associated ecological risk.Materials and methods Based on the literature on REEs in soil environments in China and beyond,this paper summarizes the progress of research into the migration,enrichment mechanism and ecological effects of REEs in soil.Results The main sources of REEs in soil are the natural leaching of ion-adsorption-type REE ores,mining of REEs,agricultural application of fertilizer,and vehicular and dust emissions.Differences in soil texture and utilization type lead to differences in the content and spatial distribution of REEs.Generally,REEs exist in either an inorganic-bound state,an organic-bound state or a

关 键 词：土壤 稀土元素 迁移-富集 生态效应 健康风险 

分 类 号：X144[环境科学与工程—环境科学] X171.1