林下大百合根际土壤微生物及化学特征分析  

Microbial diversity and chemical characteristics of rhizosphere soil associated with understory Cardiocrinum giganteum

作　　者：黄晓露[1] 陈江平 莫小锋 秦丽萍 赵志珩[1] 廖健明[1] HUANG Xiaolu;CHEN Jiangping;MO Xiaofeng;QIN Liping;ZHAO Zhiheng;LIAO Jianming(Guangxi Key Laboratory of Special Non-wood Forest Cultivation and Utilization,Guangxi Forestry Research Institute,Nanning,Guangxi 530002,China;Guilin Forestry Research Institute,Guilin,Guangxi 541012,China)

机构地区：[1]广西壮族自治区林业科学研究院广西特色经济林培育与利用重点实验室,广西南宁530002 [2]桂林市林业科学研究所,广西桂林541012

出　　处：《森林与环境学报》2023年第6期596-605,共10页Journal of Forest and Environment

基　　金：广西林业科技推广示范项目“大百合种质资源调查收集与优良种质筛选”(2023GXLK21);林草知识产权转化运用项目“林下种植大百合技术提升及产业示范”(KJZXZH202002)。

摘　　要：为林下大百合种植模式选择适宜的上层林树种提供理论依据,利用Illumina-MiSeq高通量测序技术对以杉木纯林、毛竹纯林以及毛竹×杉木×杜仲为上层林的大百合根际土壤进行测序,分析土壤微生物群落结构、多样性差异及与土壤化学性质之间的关系。结果表明,上层树种对大百合根际土壤的化学特征和细菌多样性影响明显。杉木纯林下大百合根际土壤pH值(4.91)最低,有机质含量(51.67 g·kg^(-1))最高,有利于相对丰度较高的细菌属如Candidatus_Solibacte、Burkholderia、Bryobacter等富集,但细菌多样性和特异性下降。毛竹林下大百合根际土壤pH值(5.65)最高,细菌的特异性较高和优势细菌属的相对丰度降低。毛竹×杉木×杜仲林下大百合根际土壤则具有较好的细菌多样性以及较高的土壤脲酶和磷酸酶活性。相同的上层林下大百合根际土壤真菌属结构则不具备相似性,表现为土壤养分越低、p H值越高,真菌多样性和特异性越好。由于具有较好土壤养分与更为丰富的细菌多样性以及较高的土壤脲酶、酸性磷酸酶活性,在林下种植大百合模式中宜选择毛竹×杉木×杜仲混交林作为上层林,有利于促进大百合鳞茎的生长。This study aimed to provide a theoretical basis for selection of a suitable upper canopy tree species for a community hosting Cardiocrinum giganteum.Soil microbes in the rhizosphere soil of C.giganteum,planted under Cunninghamia lanceolate,Phyllostachys edulis,and P.edulis×C.lanceolata×Eucommia ulmoides canopies,were sequenced using the Illumina-MiSeq high throughput sequencing technology.Soil microbial community structure differences and relationships with soil chemical characteristics were analyzed.The rhizosphere soil under C.lanceolata exhibited the lowest pH value(4.91)and highest organic matter content(51.67 g·kg^(-1)).These conditions were conducive to the enrichment of bacteria genera with high relative abundance,including Candidatus_Solibacte,Burkholderia,and Bryobacter.Under these conditions,decreased bacterial diversity and specificity were observed.The rhizosphere soil under P.edulis exhibited the highest pH value(5.65).This condition improved bacterial specificity and reduced the relative abundance of dominant bacterial genera.The rhizosphere soil under P.edulis×C.lanceolata×E.ulmoides displayed the highest bacterial diversity and highest soil urease and phosphatase activities.The structure and richness of C.giganteum in the soil rhizosphere were different in the same upper layer forest.Lower soil nutrient content and higher pH values tended to exhibit greater soil-fungi diversity and specificity.Due to plentiful soil nutrients,rich bacterial diversity,and high soil urease and acid phosphatase activities,the mixed forest canopy containing P.edulis×C.lanceolata×E.ulmoides should be selected as the most favorable community for C.giganteum planting,to promote bulb growth.

关 键 词：大百合 林下经济 微生物多样性 土壤化学性质 相关性分析 

分 类 号：S154.3[农业科学—土壤学]