当代指称理论的“第三条道路”探赜  

An Exploration of the Third Approach in Contemporary Referential Theory

作　　者：王建芳[1] WANG Jian-fang(Department of Philosophy,China University of Political Science and Law,Beijing 102249,China)

机构地区：[1]中国政法大学哲学系,北京102249

出　　处：《自然辩证法研究》2023年第9期40-46,共7页Studies in Dialectics of Nature

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目“意向性指称理论最新发展研究”(20BZX109);国家社会科学基金重大项目“广义逻辑悖论的历史发展、理论前沿与跨学科应用研究”(18ZDA031)。

摘　　要：描述论和直接指称论所面临的困境,使得当代指称理论的研究转向了第三条道路。第三条道路萌芽于阿斯海姆的意向性指称理论,其典型特征是否定了描述论和直接指称论关于“如果存在真正指称词项,则其必无含义”的共同预设。奠基于逻辑行动主义方法论的半描述论在名称的含义方面提出了新的认识。立足情境语义学,通过对描述情境、说话情境以及言者链接的考量,可以明晰名称的含义、所指及其相互关联。由此,可进一步完善半描述论,使之在兼顾描述论与直接指称论之优点的同时克服二者的不足。The predicaments faced by descriptive theory and direct referential theory have led contemporary referential theory research to turn to a third approach.The third approach originated in Asheim's intentionality reference theory,the typical feature of which is the denial of the common presupposition held by the two debating schools of descriptive theory and genuine referential theory that“genuine referential terms have no sense”.The semi-descriptive theory,founded on methodology of logical actionism,sheds new light on the sense of names.According to discourse situation,described situation and speaker's connection in situational semantics,the sense,reference,and their interrelation of names can be clarified.Thus,the semi-descriptive theory can be further improved to overcome the shortcomings of both descriptive theory and direct referential theory while considering their advantages.

关 键 词：指称理论 意向性 半描述论 类属性 情境语义学 

分 类 号：N031[自然科学总论—科学技术哲学]