MC1R基因多态性与杜黑猪毛色关系研究  

Relationship between Polymorphism of MC1R Gene and Coat Color of Duhei Pigs

作　　者：巩静 杨晴 王艺盼 王彦平[2] 朱晓东 张传生[1] 耿立英[1] 王继英[2] Gong Jing;Yang Qing;Wang Yipan;Wang Yanping;Zhu Xiaodong;Zhang Chuansheng;Geng Liying;Wang Jiying(College of Animal Science and Technology,Hebei Normal University of Science and Technology,Qinhuangdao 066600,China;Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine,Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Shandong Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Breeding/Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Jinan 250100,China;Zaozhuang Heigai Pig Breeding Co.,Ltd.,Zaozhuang 277100,China)

机构地区：[1]河北科技师范学院动物科技学院,河北秦皇岛066600 [2]山东省农业科学院畜牧兽医研究所/山东省畜禽疫病防治与繁育重点实验室/农业农村部畜禽生物组学重点实验室,山东济南250100 [3]枣庄黑盖猪养殖有限公司,山东枣庄277100

出　　处：《山东农业科学》2023年第10期152-157,共6页Shandong Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：山东省农业良种工程项目(2020LZGC012,2022LZGCQY007);枣庄市自主创新及成果转化项目(2022GH-27);山东省生猪产业技术体系(SDAIT-08-03)。

摘　　要：黑色素皮质素受体1(MC1R)基因是调控哺乳动物毛色的一个关键基因。为了解杜洛克和枣庄黑盖猪杂交组合(简称杜黑猪)中MC1R基因多态性与毛色表型的关系,本研究以390头杜黑猪F_(2)代个体和18头枣庄纯种黑盖猪为研究对象,对F_(2)代群体进行毛色表型类型分组,利用液相芯片捕获测序技术鉴定MC1R基因中影响毛色的10个SNP位点的基因型。结果表明,杜黑猪F_(2)代群体出现了毛色分离,其中,75.13%的个体为全黑色,13.08%的个体为棕红色,其余11.79%的个体呈现混杂色,包括黑红条纹、棕色偏黄、棕色偏白等。测定的5个多态SNP位点中,E^(D1)等位基因3个SNP位点(rs45435031、rs45434630、rs45434629)的突变纯合型(GG、GG、TT)个体表现为黑红条纹,野生纯合型(AA、AA、CC)个体表现为棕红色,杂合基因型(GA、GA、TC)个体大部分(80.83%)表现为黑色,少部分(19.17%)为黑色红纹、棕色偏黄和棕色偏白。e等位基因2个SNP位点(rs45435032、rs321432333)的突变纯合基因型(AA、TT)个体全部为棕红色,野生纯合基因型(GG、CC)个体全部为黑色毛色,杂合基因型(GA、TC,AA、TC,GA、TT)大部分(80.99%)为黑色毛色,少部分个体(19.01%)毛色为黑红条纹、棕色偏黄和棕色偏白。HaploView单倍型分析表明5个SNP高度连锁,位于1个单倍型块内。本研究结果表明,杜黑猪毛色黑色对棕红色为不完全显性,利用MC1R基因的5个SNP标记进行毛色分子标记辅助选择可快速剔除隐性棕红色等位基因,使杜黑猪新品种的毛色迅速固定为全黑色,以加速新品种培育进程。The melanocortin-1 receptor(MC1R)gene is a key gene regulating mammalian coat color.In order to understand the relationship between the polymorphism of MC1R gene and coat color of the crossbred pigs from Duroc and Zaozhuang Heigai pigs(Duhei pigs for short),in this study,the coat color of 390 F2 Du-hei pigs were recorded,and 10 SNP loci of MC1R of 390 F2 Duhei pigs and 18 Zaozhuang Heigai pigs were genotyped by target sequencing with liquid chip.The results showed that the coat color of F2 pigs was separa-ted.Specifically,75.13%of the F2 pigs were black,13.08%of them were brown,and the other 11.79%showed mixed color such as black with red stripes,yellowish brown and whitish brown.Among the five meas-ured polymorphic SNPs,pigs with mutant homozygous genotypes(GG,GG,TT)at 3 SNP loci(rs45435031,rs45434630,rs45434629)of ED1 allele exhibited black coat color,while those with wild homozygous geno-types(AA,AA,CC)exhibited brown coat color.The majority(80.83%)of heterozygous genotype pigs(GA,GA,TC)showed black coat color,and the other(19.17%)showed black with red stripes,yellowish brown and whitish brown.Pigs with mutant homozygous genotypes(AA,TT)at 2 SNP loci(rs45435032、rs321432333)of e allele exhibited brown coat color,while those with wild homozygous genotypes(GG,CC)exhibited black coat color.The majority(80.99%)of heterozygous genotype pigs(GA,TC)showed black coat color,and the other(19.01%)showed black with red stripes,yellowish brown and whitish brown.Hap-loView haplotype analysis showed that the five SNPs were highly linked,and located in one haplotype block.The results of this study indicate that black coat color is not completely dominant over brownish red coat color in Duhei pigs,marker assisted selection based on the five SNPs of MC1R could quickly eliminate recessive brown coat color alleles and fix the black coat color in the breeding of Duhei pigs,and finally accelerate the cultivation of the new varieties.

关 键 词：杜黑猪 毛色 MC1R基因 SNP 基因型 

分 类 号：S828.13[农业科学—畜牧学]