不同间作方式对茶园生态环境及鲜茶叶品质的影响  

Effects of Different Intercropping Modes on Ecological Environment of Tea Garden and Quality of Fresh Tea

作　　者：肖秀丹 黄有成 汤星 张春蓓 龚发明 宋必军 黄友谊[4] XIAO Xiudan;HUANG Youcheng;TANG Xing;ZHANG Chunbei;GONG Faming;SONG Bijun;HUANG Youyi(Department of Agricultural Technical Service in Yiling District of Yichang City,Yichang,Hubei 443100;Agricultural Technology Center of Letianxi Town in Yiling District of Yichang City,Yichang,Hubei 443100;Agricultural Technology Center of Dengcun Town in Yiling District of Yichang City,Yichang,Hubei 443100;College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences,Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan,Hubei 430070,China)

机构地区：[1]宜昌市夷陵区农业技术服务中心,湖北宜昌443100 [2]宜昌市夷陵区乐天溪镇农技中心,湖北宜昌443100 [3]宜昌市夷陵区邓村乡农技中心,湖北宜昌443100 [4]华中农业大学园艺林学学院,湖北武汉430070

出　　处：《贵州农业科学》2023年第11期25-32,共8页Guizhou Agricultural Sciences

摘　　要：【目的】探明夷陵区茶-林、茶-果不同间作方式对茶园生态环境和鲜茶叶品质的影响,为夷陵区茶园科学间作提供参考。【方法】以纯茶园为对照(CK),选取夷陵区茶-山胡椒、茶-柚子、茶-板栗、茶-杉树4种间作处理,分析不同间作处理茶树发芽密度、生态环境、土壤养分和鲜叶品质的差异。【结果】与纯茶园(CK)相比,4种间作方式对茶树芽密度均无显著影响;茶-山胡椒、茶-板栗间作对茶园温湿度影响不显著;茶-柚子、茶-杉树间作对湿度影响不显著,而对温度影响显著(P<0.05);茶-山胡椒间作对茶园光照强度影响不显著,茶-柚子、茶-板栗、茶-杉树间作对光照强度影响显著(P<0.05);茶-杉树间作对茶园土壤水分影响显著(P<0.05),茶-山胡椒、茶-柚子、茶-板栗间作对茶园土壤水分影响不显著。从调节茶园土壤看,土壤pH、有机质含量表现为茶-山胡椒、茶-板栗间作高于纯茶园,茶-柚子、茶-杉树间作低于纯茶园;碱解氮和速效磷含量表现为茶-杉树间作低于纯茶园,茶-山胡椒、茶-柚子、茶-板栗高于纯茶园;速效钾含量表现为茶-柚子、茶-板栗间作高于纯茶园,茶-山胡椒、茶-杉树间作低于纯茶园。从茶树鲜叶品质看,与纯茶园相比,4种间作方式均能降低茶多酚含量、提高游离氨基酸含量,极显著(P<0.01)降低酚氨比;茶-柚子间作对水浸出物含量影响极显著(P<0.01),茶-柚子、茶-板栗、茶-杉树间作对茶多酚含量影响显著(P<0.05),4种间作对游离氨基酸含量影响极显著(P<0.01),对糖类含量影响显著(P<0.05)。【结论】夷陵区茶-林(茶-山胡椒、茶-杉树)、茶-果(茶-柚子、茶-板栗)间作能够调节茶园的生态环境,改善土壤养分含量,提升茶树鲜叶品质,茶-果间作方式效果优于茶-林间作。【Objective】The study aimed to explore the effects of different intercropping modes(tea-forest intercropping,tea-fruit tree intercropping)on ecological environment of tea gardens and fresh leaf quality,so that provided reference for scientific intercropping of tea gardens in Yiling District.【Method】Taking common tea garden as CK,four different intercropping systems,namely tea with lindera,tea with pomelo,tea with chestnut,tea with cedar in Yiling District,was set to analyze the differences in bud density,ecological environment,soil nutrient and quality of fresh tea leaves under different intrecropping modes.【Result】Compared with CK,four intercropping modes had no significant effect on the bud density.Tea intercroppping with lindera,tea intercroppping with chestnut had no significant effect on temperature and humidity of tea garden.Tea intercroppping with pomelo,tea intercroppping with cedar had no significant influence on humidity,but had significant influence on temperature(P<0.05);Tea intercroppping with lindera had no significant effect on light intensity of tea garden;Tea intercroppping with pomelo,with chestnut and with cedar had significant effect on light intensity(P<0.05);Tea intercroppping with cedar had obvious influence on moisture content in soil of garden,while tea intercroppping with lindera,with pomelo and with chestnut had no significant influence on moisture content in soil.From the perspective of adjusting the soil of tea garden,the soil pH and organic matter content of tea-lindera intercroppping garden and tea-chestnut intercroppping garden were higher than CK,while the soil pH and organic matter content of tea-pomelo and tea-cedar intercropping garden were lower than CK;Except the alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen and available phosphorus of tea-cedar intercropping garden were lower than CK,other three intercropping modes all were higher than CK;The available potassium content of tea-pomelo and tea-chestnut intercropping garden was high than that of CK,while the available potassium content

关 键 词：茶园 间作 生态环境 土壤养分 茶叶品质 

分 类 号：S571.1[农业科学—茶叶生产加工]