3种乌骨鸡肌肉中挥发性有机物差异分析  

Differential Analysis of Volatile Organic Compounds in Muscle of Three Black Bone Chicken Breeds

作　　者：屠云洁[1] 栾德琴[2] 单艳菊[1] 巨晓军 刘一帆[1] 姬改革[1] 章明[1] 邹剑敏[1] 束婧婷[1] TU Yunjie;LUAN Deqin;SHAN Yanju;JU Xiaojun;LIU Yifan;JI Gaige;ZHANG Ming;ZOU Jianmin;SHU Jingting(Jiangsu Key Lab of Poultry Genetics and Breeding,Jiangsu Institute of Poultry Sciences,Yangzhou Jiangsu 225125,China;Jiangsu Center of Patent Examination and Cooperation,State Intellectual Property Office and Patent Office,Suzhou Jiangsu,215163,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏省家禽科学研究所,江苏省家禽遗传育种重点实验室,江苏扬州225125 [2]国家知识产权局专利局专利审查协作江苏中心,江苏苏州215163

出　　处：《家畜生态学报》2023年第11期36-41,共6页Journal of Domestic Animal Ecology

基　　金：扬州市现代农业(YZ2021029),江苏省农业自主创新基金项目(CX(21)2011-1);江苏省种业振兴揭榜挂帅(JBGS[2021]107)。

摘　　要：试验旨在利用气相色谱-离子迁移谱(gas chromatography-ion mobility spectroscopy,GC-IMS)技术分析3种乌骨鸡肌肉中挥发性有机物的差异,为乌骨鸡品种资源评价和培育肉品风味好的乌骨鸡新品种提供科学理论依据。试验选取余干乌骨鸡、丝羽乌骨鸡和竹丝鸡,取胸大肌同一部位进行GC-IMS测定挥发性有机物。研究结果表明,根据GC-IMS法测得66种挥发性有机物,已定性物质47种,主要包括醛类、醇类、酮类、酯类等化合物。生长速度较慢的地方鸡种(丝羽乌骨鸡和余干乌骨鸡)肌肉中有13种挥发性有机物含量高于生长速度较快的竹丝鸡(P<0.05),包括反式-2-辛醛、庚醛、反式-2-戊烯醛、戊醛、反式-2-庚烯醛、反式-2-庚烯醛、苯甲醛、己醛、乙醇、1-辛烯-3-醇、1-戊醇、1-庚醇、2-庚酮。余干乌骨鸡特征性挥发性有机物为苯甲醛、2-丙醇、3-戊酮。竹丝鸡特征性挥发性有机物为3-甲基丁醛、1-丁醇、乙酸乙酯、2-羟基丙酸乙酯。采用已知定性有机物进行PCA分析,3种乌骨鸡可以分为3类。GC-IMS俯视图及指纹图谱均可直观和快速看出3种乌骨鸡品种间和个体间挥发性有机物的差异及特征性。生长速度较慢的丝羽乌骨鸡和余干乌骨鸡含有更多的醛类、醇类、酮类等香味物质,在培育乌骨鸡新品种过程中,可以引入生长速度较慢的丝羽乌骨鸡和余干乌鸡等品种进行杂交配套,以培育肉品风味更好的乌骨鸡新品种。The purpose of this experiment was to analyze the differences of volatile organic compounds in the muscles of three black bone chicken breeds based on gas chromatography-ion mobility spectroscopy(GC-IMS),which will provide scientific and theoretical basis for the evaluation of black bone chicken breed resources and the cultivation of new black bone chicken breeds with good meat flavor.The same part of pectoralis major muscle in Yugan black bone chicken,Zhusi black bone chicken and Silky black bone chicken was taken for GC-IMS determination of volatile organic compounds.The results showed 66 kinds of volatile organic compounds were determined through GC-IMS method,among which 47 kinds of substances have been identified,mainly being aldehydes,alcohols,ketones,esters and other organic compounds.The slower growing local breeds(Yugan black bone chicken,Silky)had higher levels of 13 volatile organic compounds than that of the faster growing chicken(Zhusi chicken)(P<0.05),including(E)-2-octenal,Heptanal,(E)-2-pentenal,Pentana,(E)-2-Heptenal,(E)-2-Heptenal,Benzaldehyde,hexanal,Ethanol,1-Octen-3-ol,1-Pentanol,1-Heptanol,2-Heptanone.The characteristic volatile organic compounds of Yugan black bone chicken were benzaldehyde,2-propanol and 3-pentanone.That of Zhusi chicken were 3-methylbutanal,1-butanol,ethyl acetate,ethyl 2-hydroxypropanoate.The known determined organics were analysed by PCA,which revealed three categories.Both GC-IMS top view and fingerprints can directly and fast tell the differences and characteristics of volatile organic compounds among three black bone chicken breeds and individuals.Silky and Yugan black bone chickens with slower growth rate contained more aroma substances such as aldehydes alcohols,ketones,etc.In the process of cultivating new black-bone chicken breeds,Silky and Yugan black bone chicken breeds with slower growth rate can be introduced for hybrid breeding,so as to cultivate new black-bone chicken breeds with better meat flavor.

关 键 词：GC-IMS 乌骨鸡 肉品质 挥发性有机物 风味 

分 类 号：S831.5[农业科学—畜牧学]