脑机接口治疗脑卒中上肢功能及大脑可塑性的研究进展  

Research progress of application of Brain-computer Interface in the treatment of upper limb functions after stroke and brain plasticity

作　　者：陈佳丽 董继革[2] 黄富表[3] CHEN Jiali;DONG Jige;HUANG Fubiao(Academy of Sport and Health,Tianjin University of Sport,Tianjin 301617;Department of Rehabilitation and Treatment,Wangjing Hospital,Chinese Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Beijing 100102;Department of Occupational Therapy,Beijing Boai Hospital,China Rehabilitation Research Center,Beijing 100068,China)

机构地区：[1]天津体育学院运动健康学院,301617 [2]中国中医科学院望京医院康复治疗部,100102 [3]中国康复研究中心北京博爱医院作业疗法科,100068

出　　处：《中国老年保健医学》2023年第5期22-26,共5页Chinese Journal of Geriatric Care

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(编号:62173010)。

摘　　要：脑机接口(brain computer interface,BCI)可通过不同的采集方式收集患者的脑电信息,通过解码将神经活动转化为外部命令,提供给患者丰富的反馈,包括触觉、视觉及听觉反馈等。脑机接口训练适用于不同阶段的脑卒中患者,且有研究表明其治疗效果具有长期效应。不同反馈方式的脑机接口设备能有效改善脑卒中患者的粗大动作及精细动作,并在改善脑卒中痉挛方面展现出潜力。目前的研究对于改善脑卒中上肢感觉功能的关注较少,然而躯体感觉信号对于运动功能的恢复至关重要,这可能是脑机接口未来的发展方向。脑机接口能够增加神经元之间的突触强度,诱导皮质结构重组并促进大脑皮层之间的功能连接,形成由中枢到外周的闭环康复训练,有效改善上肢功能。经颅直流电刺激可促进运动想象能力从而提高脑机接口准确性,这两种策略的整合有望在未来发挥出更大的康复治疗效果。With brain-computer interface(BCI)we can collect the patient's EEG information through different acquisition methods,and then decode the neural activity into external commands to provide the patient with rich feedbacks,including tactile,visual and auditory feedbacks,etc.BCI training is applicable to patients with different stages of stroke,and studies have shown that it has a long-term effect.BCI training is suitable for patients at different stages of stroke and has been shown to have long-term effects.BCI devices with different feedback modalities have been shown to be effective in improving gross and fine motor movements in stroke patients and have shown potential for improving spasticity in stroke.Current research has paid less attention to improving sensory function of the upper limbs in stroke patients,however,somatosensory signals are crucial for the recovery of motor function,which may be the future direction of development of BCI.BCI can increase the synaptic strength of neurons,induce the reorganization of cortical structures and promote the functional connectivity of the cerebral cortex,which creates a closed-loop rehabilitation training process from center to the periphery and effectively improves the function of the upper limbs.Transcranial direct current stimulation promotes motor imagery and thus improves the accuracy of BCI.The integration of these two strategies is expected to have a greater effect on rehabilitation therapy in the future.

关 键 词：脑机接口 脑卒中 上肢 大脑可塑性 

分 类 号：R743.3[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]