陀思妥耶夫斯基创作中的“美国因素”解读  

The Interpretation of the"American Factor"in Dostoevsky's Creations

作　　者：耿海英[1] 陈天祥 Geng Haiying;Chen Tianxiang

机构地区：[1]上海大学文学院

出　　处：《俄罗斯文艺》2023年第4期47-61,共15页Russian Literature & Arts

基　　金：国家社科基金重点项目“俄国《现代人》杂志与研究(1836-1866)”(17AWW005)阶段性成果。

摘　　要：在陀思妥耶夫斯基创作中有诸多关于“美国”的文字,这一“美国因素”在学界几乎没有得到关注。实际上这是其重要的思想成分,也是俄国19世纪那些“侵入性思想”中除“欧洲因素”(包括“法国因素”“德国因素”和“英国因素”)之外的一个重要维度。对这一因素可以从两方面解读,一是其作为隐喻所蕴含的意义,一是从他与车尔尼雪夫斯基的论战中更深入地理解这一因素,在他们对“美国”的一反一正的态度中,折射了19世纪俄国思想运动除“西欧派”与“斯拉夫派”之争之外的复杂性。There are many words about"America"in Dostoevsky's creations,but his"American factor"has not received attention in the academic community.In fact,this is his important ideology,and also the significant dimension in those"invasive thoughts"of Russia in the19th century besides"European factors"(including"French factor","German factor","British factor").This factor can be interpreted in two ways,one is the meaning it implies as a metaphor,and the other is a deeper understanding of it from his polemic with Chernyshevsky.Their negative and positive attitudes towards"America"reflect the complexity of Russian thought movement in addition to the debates between"Westernizers"and"Slavophiles"in the 19th century.

关 键 词：陀思妥耶夫斯基 美国因素 隐喻 车尔尼雪夫斯基 

分 类 号：I512.074[文学—其他各国文学]