列锦、清单与俄语称名诗  

Liejin,List and Russian Nominal Poetry

作　　者：凌建侯[1] Ling Jianhou

机构地区：[1]北京大学外国语学院

出　　处：《俄罗斯文艺》2023年第4期115-127,共13页Russian Literature & Arts

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“俄罗斯诗学学派研究”(项目批准号22&ZD286)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：中国古典诗词中的列锦诗句属于由名词或名词性短语构成的称名句,它是清单书写的一种特殊形式。用称名句写成的诗歌可被统称为称名诗。名词或名词性词组之间省略动词连接会使句义变得模糊,但也会使其产生不同于一般主谓句的审美效果。俄国19世纪诗人费特深受中国古典列锦修辞法的影响,开创了俄语称名诗,他的去动词化的唯美主义作诗法虽遭到同时代人的戏仿与批判,但其独特的审美风格被后世俄语诗人所效仿,特别是为帕斯捷尔纳克所发展。本文作者认为,出之于称名句的列锦与清单书写,在现代汉语语境中有不同于古代汉语的美妙之处,很值得当代诗人下功夫研究。The Liejin verse in classical Chinese poetry belongs to the Nominal Clause that is composed of nouns or noun phrases,and it is a special form of List writing.The author of this paper refers to poems written in nominal clauses generally as Nominal Poetry.The omission of the verbs connecting the nouns or noun phrases can obscure the meaning of the sentence,and it may also produce an aesthetic effect different from the usual subject-predicate sentence.Deeply influenced by the rhetoric of classical Chinese Liejin,the Russian 19th-century poet A.A.Fet created the Russian Nominal Poetry.Although his de-verbalized aestheticism was parodied and criticized by his contemporaries,his unique aesthetic style was imitated by later Russian poets,and developed especially by Pasternak.In this paper,the author argues that Liejin and the List writing out of Nominal Clauses in the modern Chinese context are delicately distinct from the ancient Chinese,and that they are worthy of further study by contemporary poets.

关 键 词：列锦 清单 称名句 费特 称名诗 

分 类 号：I512.072[文学—其他各国文学] I207.2