高效石油降解菌的筛选及表征  

Isolating and characterization of efficient petroleum degrading bacteria

作　　者：查代巧 贝琪 康子桐 朱小杰 李东晓 和文祥[1] 田海霞[1] ZHA Daiqiao;BEI Qi;KANG Zitong;ZHU Xiaojie;LI Dongxiao;HE Wenxiang;TIAN Haixia(College of Natural Resources and Environment,Northwest A&F University,Yangling Shaanxi 712100)

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学资源环境学院,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《环境污染与防治》2023年第11期1489-1495,1501,共8页Environmental Pollution & Control

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(No.2019YFC1804101)。

摘　　要：石油污染土壤的修复一直是环境领域重要的研究问题,其中微生物修复被认为是一种相对经济和生态友好的修复方式。从石油污染土壤中分离获得了3株石油降解率大于30%的细菌,分别是不动杆菌(Acinetobactersp.)Y183(以下简称菌株Y183)、假单胞菌(Pseudomonassp.)Y187(以下简称菌株Y187)和芽孢杆菌(Bacillussp.)N47(以下简称菌株N47)。它们的最适生长温度均为30℃,pH均为8.0。菌株Y183和Y187最适生长NaCl均为0g/L;菌株N47为嗜盐菌,最适NaCl达20.0g/L。菌株Y187的最适生长石油质量浓度高达50g/L,其他两株分别为10g/L(菌株Y183)和30g/L(菌株N47)。通过驱油实验发现菌株Y187可以产生脂肽类生物表面活性剂,且含有环羟基化双加氧酶基因(rhdα)和苯甲酸1,2-双加氧酶基因(benA);菌株N47含有烷烃单加氧酶基因(alkB)和烷烃羟化酶基因(alkMb)。高效石油降解菌的筛选及表征为石油污染土壤的微生物修复提供了菌种资源和理论依据。The remediation of petroleum-contaminated soil is an important issue in the field of environment,and the microbial remediation is considered as one of relatively economic and eco-friendly remediation methods.Acinetobacter sp.Y183(strain Y183),Pseudomonas sp.Y187(strain Y187)and Bacillus sp.N47(strain N47)with petroleum degradation rate greater than 30%were isolated from petroleum-contaminated soil.The optimum growth temperature was 30℃and pH was 8.0.The optimum growth conditions of strain Y183 and Y187 were 0 g/L NaCl.Strain N47 was halophilic,and the optimum NaCl content was 20.0 g/L.The optimum growth petroleum concentration of strain Y187 was as high as 50 g/L,and the other two strains were 10 g/L(strain Y183)and 30 g/L(strain N47),respectively.Through the oil displacement test,it was found that strain Y187 could produce lipopeptide surfactants and contained cyclohydroxylation dioxygenase gene(rhdα)and benzoic acid 1,2-dioxygenase gene(benA),strain N47 contained alkane oxygenase gene(alkB)and alkane hydroxylase gene(alkMb).Microbe resources and theoretical basis for microbial remediation of petroleum-contaminated soil were provided.

关 键 词：石油降解菌 条件优化 生物表面活性剂 

分 类 号：X172[环境科学与工程—环境科学] X53