从中医学角度探析现代心理学内感受的概念与临床应用  

The Concept of Interoception in Modern Psychology and Its Clinical Applications from the Perspective of Traditional Chinese Medicine

作　　者：谢继鼎 何亚平 魏高峡[2,3] 代金刚 XIE Jiding;HE Yaping;WEI Gaoxia;DAI Jingang(Experimental Research Center,China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences,Beijing,100700;Institute of Psychology,Chinese Academy of Sciences;Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences)

机构地区：[1]中国中医科学院医学实验中心,北京市100700 [2]中国科学院心理研究所 [3]中国科学院大学心理学系

出　　处：《中医杂志》2023年第21期2161-2169,共9页Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31671163);中国中医科学院科技创新工程(CI2021A00205);中国中医科学院优秀青年科技人才培养专项(ZZ16-YQ-060);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金(RXRC2022005)。

摘　　要：基于现代心理学内感受研究现状,从传统中医学视角,对内感受基础研究进展和临床应用进行梳理和思辨。在内感受认知层面,中医情志脏腑理论、形神观与内感受密切相关,中医“志意论”与内感受三维构建模型具有内在一致性。在内感受研究方面,中西医对于“诊”与“治”的侧重点和研究方向存在差异,具有一定互补性。在内感受应用层面,中医的“五态人格分类”具有进一步的临床应用前景,同时中医医生的情志调摄方法对于现代医疗具有参考意义。在内感受临床干预层面,中医形成了诊疗时调控内感受的“调气”理念,其指导下的中医导引疗法在内感受临床干预领域发挥着重要作用。中医在内感受的认知和应用方面有一定潜力,中医研究者需要深入挖掘中医在内感受研究中的优势和应用价值,推动中医药事业的发展。This study critically examines the current status of interoception research in modern psychology,taking into account perspective of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),encompassing both foundational studies and clinical applications.The investigation highlights a deep interconnection between psychosomatic theories in TCM,such as the TCM emotions and viscera theory and the view of body-spirit syncretism,and the concept of interoception at the cognitive level.Moreover,philosophical principles,particularly the “Zhi Yi Lun” in TCM,align naturally with the threedimensional interoception model.Importantly,this comparative analysis emphasizes that Western and Chinese medicine place different emphasis on interoception research with the former focusing on diagnosis and the latter on treatment.These differing approaches complement each other and provide opportunities for cross-fertilization.At the practical level of interoception application,“five-state personality classification” demonstrates promising potential for further clinical application.In addition,TCM has valuable insights for contemporary medical practices in terms of emotional regulation.TCM methods for emotional regulation,known as “Daoyin”,provide important knowledge in this area.One concept developed by TCM for clinical intervention targeting interoception is “Tiao Qi”(regulating qi).This concept is used during diagnosis and treatment in TCM and plays a crucial role in managing interoceptive states.This paper aims to explain the cognitive and applied aspects of interoception in TCM,offering a perspective for future research and clinical application.By integrating modern psychology's psychosomatic medicine model,TCM can enhance its relevance and efficacy in contemporary medical contexts.This integration promotes a balanced relationship between the mind and body.TCM researchers have a responsibility to explore the inherent strengths and practical value of TCM in interoception research,and contribute to the advancement of TCM.

关 键 词：内感受 形神一体观 调气 澄神 心身医学 心理学 

分 类 号：R229[医药卫生—中医基础理论]