四川盆地冬季一次层状云消散期云微物理特征的飞机探测分析  

Cloud Microphysical Characteristics Detection and Analysis based on Aircraft Observations during a Winter Stratiform Cloud Dispersal Period in the Sichuan Basin

作　　者：张元[1] 范思睿[1] 刘晓璐[1] 王维佳[1] 王钦[2] 耿蔚 ZHANG Yuan;FAN Sirui;LIU Xiaolu;WANG Weijia;WANG Qin;GENG Wei(Weather Modification Office of Sichuan Province,Chengdu 610072,China;Civil Aviation Flight University of China,Guanghan 618307,China;Meteorological Disaster Prevention Center of Sichuan Province,Chengdu 610072,China)

机构地区：[1]四川省人工影响天气办公室,四川成都610072 [2]中国民航飞行学院广汉分院,四川广汉618307 [3]四川省气象灾害防御中心,四川成都610072

出　　处：《成都信息工程大学学报》2023年第5期589-594,共6页Journal of Chengdu University of Information Technology

基　　金：中国气象局云雾物理环境重点实验室开放课题资助项目(2019Z01602);中国气象局大气探测重点开放实验室开放课题资助项目(2021KLAS04M);高原与盆地暴雨旱涝灾害四川省重点实验室科技发展基金资助项目(2017-青年-15、SCQXKJQN2019025、SCQXKJYJXZD202105)。

摘　　要：为研究四川盆地层状云系结构及微物理特征,利用2019年12月18日机载DMT探测系统获取的云微物理资料,结合高空、地面、卫星等气象数据,通过时空序列分析方法,对四川省一次层状云降水消散期微物理特征进行分析。结果显示:探测云系为云顶温度较低的稳定性层状云,云顶以小云滴为主,对应地面降水较小。空中云垂直和水平结构分布不均匀,云粒子探头(CDP)、二维冰晶粒子探头(CIP)、二维降水粒子探头(PIP)探测粒子浓度范围分别为0.035~338.318个/cm^(3)、4.17×10^(-5)~18.203个/cm^(3)、3.28×10^(-6)~0.408个/cm^(3),粒子直径范围分别为2.50~49μm、25.32~1547.18μm、104.23~5525.68μm,随着高度增加,粒子浓度及粒子直径范围均变大。根据二维云粒子图像显示,2700~3000 m以过冷水滴及小冰晶粒子为主,4500~4800 m高层为枝状冰晶和宽枝冰晶粒子。云粒子谱均呈多峰分布,总体上云粒子越大,其浓度越小。本次探测过程中云中存在有利于人工增雨的“可播区”,云中“可播区”呈不连续分布,本次飞行的可播区在-10℃~-15℃,对应高度在4500~4840 m。To investigate the cloud structure and microphysical characteristics of stratiform precipitation system in Sichuan Basin,the cloud microphysical data obtained by the airborne DMT detection system on December 18,2019,were used to analyze the microphysical characteristics of a stratiform precipitation dissipation period in Sichuan Province by spatiotemporal series analysis method,combined with the upper air,ground,and satellite meteorological data.The results show that the detection cloud system is a low stability stratiform cloud in cloud top temperature,and the cloud top is dominated by small cloud droplets,corresponding to small surface precipitation.The vertical and horizontal structures of clouds in the air were uneven.The particle concentration ranges detected by the Cloud Droplet Probe(CDP),Cloud Imaging Probe(CIP),and Precipitation Imaging Probe(PIP)were 0.035-338.318 cm^(3),4.17×10^(-5)-18.203 cm^(3) and 3.28×10^(-6)-0.408 cm^(3) respectively,and the particle diameter ranges were 2.50-49 respectivelyμm、25.32-1547.18μm、104.23-5525.68μm.With the increase in height,the range of particle concentration and particle diameter increases.According to the two-dimensional cloud particle image,supercooled water droplets and small ice crystal particles were mainly at about 2700-3000 m,and dendritic ice crystals and wide dendritic ice crystals was at about 4500-4800 m.Using the concentration of particles in the cloud detected by CDP probe and the concentration of large particles in the cloud detected by CIP probe as the two main indicators to judge the seeding degree in the cloud.The analysis revealed the presence of a"seeding area"in the cloud that was favorable for artificial precipitation enhancement.The"seeding area"exhibited a discontinuous distribution.The characteristics of the cloud particle spectrum at typical times were analyzed,and it is found that the cloud particle spectrum was multi-peak distribution,In general,the larger the cloud particle,the smaller its concentration.During this exploration pro

关 键 词：DMT 云降水 微物理特征 可播性 

分 类 号：P412.24[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]