小型过盈联接组件装配中对准方法及误差分析  

Alignment Method and Error Analysis in Assembly of Small Interference Fit Components

作　　者：周志华 韩宇 于津洋 马诚 娄志峰[1] ZHOU Zhihua;HAN Yu;YU Jinyang;MA Cheng;LOU Zhifeng(School of Mechanical Engineering,Dalian University of Technology,Dalian 116024,China)

机构地区：[1]大连理工大学机械工程学院,辽宁大连116024

出　　处：《仪表技术与传感器》2023年第10期28-33,78,共7页Instrument Technique and Sensor

摘　　要：小型过盈联接件的装配通常采用精密压装设备实现,而设备中视觉测量装置的对准精度直接影响组件的装配质量。基于精密压装设备中的双目视觉测量系统和位姿调整装置提出了零件的自动对准与调整策略,为精密小型过盈联接组件提出了一种自动化装配方法。针对设备中的视觉测量装置,分析了由相机位置安装偏差及在不同高度相机拍摄零件时由Z轴导轨的安装倾角所引起的对准误差,提出了相应的标定与补偿方法。通过对比实验验证,该分析方法能够显著提高精密压装设备的对准精度,可达±5μm,满足装配要求。随机抽取5套零件进行压装实验,其压力-位移曲线均在合理预测范围内,表明组件的装配质量良好。Precision assemblies of small interference fitting parts are usually achieved by precision press-fit equipment,and the alignment accuracy of the visual alignment device in the equipment directly affects the assembly quality of the components.Based on the binocular vision measurement system and posture adjustment device in the precision press-fit equipment,an automatic alignment and adjustment strategy of the parts was proposed,and an automated assembly method was proposed for precision small interference components.For the vision alignment device in the equipment,the alignment errors caused by the camera position installation deviation and the installation inclination of the Z-axis guide when the camera captures the part at different heights were analyzed,and the corresponding calibration and compensation methods were proposed.Through comparison experiments,it is verified that the analysis method can significantly improve the alignment accuracy of the precision press-fit device up to±5μm and meets the assembly requirements.Five sets of parts are randomly selected for press-fit experiments,and their pressure-displacement curves are all within the reasonable prediction range,indicating that the assembly quality of the components is qualified.

关 键 词：过盈联接 压装设备 视觉对准装置 对准方法 对准精度 

分 类 号：TH721[机械工程—仪器科学与技术]