基于MSPA的城市绿色基础设施与热环境关系研究--以福州市中心城区为例  

Study on the Relationship between Urban Green Infrastructure and Thermal Environment Based on Morphological Spatial Pattern Analysis—A Case Study of Central Urban Area of Fuzhou City

作　　者：洪婷婷 黄晓辉[1] 邓西鹏 杨义炜 唐翔[1] HONG Tingting;HUANG Xiaohui;DENG Xipeng;YANG Yiwei;TANG Xiang

机构地区：[1]福州大学建筑与城乡规划学院,福州350108 [2]福建省地质测绘院,福州350011

出　　处：《中国园林》2023年第10期97-103,共7页Chinese Landscape Architecture

基　　金：中国工程科技发展战略研究与咨询项目“福建省特色村镇潜力评估与人居环境更新技术集成研究”(编号2021-FJ-XY-6)资助。

摘　　要：绿色基础设施(GI)是缓解城市热环境的主要载体。以福州市为研究对象,从城市尺度出发,立足城市地理空间特征,应用形态学空间格局分析(MSPA)法与网格法,研究春、秋两季GI格局与地表温度(T)的相关性。提取显著性MSPA要素,与T展开地理加权回归(GWR)实验,分析热缓解作用强的要素及其空间异质性特征。结果表明:福州市中心城区“中部温度高四周温度低”的热环境空间特征与绿色基础设施的“中部分散四周集中”存在耦合关系;从整体的GI格局上看,在春、秋两季均表现出GI越复杂,热缓解能力越强。根据核心区占比将绿地进行分类研究发现:类型Ⅰ(核心区占比≥70%),在西南侧增加核心区规模热缓解效果最优;类型Ⅱ(30%≤核心区占比<70%),内部复杂的土地类型抑制了MSPA要素的降温能力;类型Ⅲ(核心区占比<30%),秋季MSPA要素的降温能力强于春季。从城市空间形态异质性角度讨论MSPA要素与热环境关系,将结果落位在地理空间上,为完善城市韧性设施规划提供一定参考。Green infrastructure(GI)serves as the primary vehicle for mitigating urban heat environments.This study focuses on Fuzhou,employing urban geographical spatial characteristic analysis and utilizing Morphological Spatial Pattern Analysis(MSPA)and grid methods to investigate the correlation between GI patterns and surface temperature(T)during spring and autumn.Significant MSPA factors are extracted and subjected to a geographically weighted regression(GWR)experiment to analyze the spatial heterogeneity and key elements of strong thermal alleviation effects.The results demonstrate that the spatial characteristics of the urban heat environment in the central area of Fuzhou,with higher temperatures in the center and lower temperatures in the surrounding areas,exhibit a coupled relationship with the"central dispersion and surrounding concentration"pattern of green infrastructure.A complex GI pattern is associated with stronger thermal alleviation capabilities in both spring and autumn.Classifying green spaces based on the proportion of core areas,the study finds that Type I(core area proportion≥70%)achieves the best thermal alleviation effect by increasing the core area size on the southwest side.Type II(30%≤core area proportion<70%)reveals that complex land types within green spaces suppress the cooling capacity of MSPA factors.Type III(core area proportion<30%)demonstrates that the cooling capacity of MSPA factors in autumn is stronger than in spring.By discussing the relationship between MSPA factors and thermal environment from the perspective of urban spatial heterogeneity and delineating them onto geographical space,this study provides valuable references for improving urban resilience facility planning.

关 键 词：风景园林 形态学空间格局分析 地理加权回归 城市热环境 绿色基础设施量 

分 类 号：TU986[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]