深紫灰色糯玉米籽粒花色苷组分的动态分析  

Dynamic analysis of anthocyanin components during the coloring process of deep purple gray glutinous maize grains

作　　者：王晨宇 王慧[2,3,4] 俞尧 胡颖雄 张超 黎秋莹[2,3,4,5] 徐雯 张正林 孙萍东 卢有林 卫季辉 施标[3,4,6] 卢媛 郑洪建 WANG Chenyu;WANG Hui;YU Yao;HU Yingxiong;ZHANG Chao;LI Qiuying;XU Wen;ZHANG Zhenglin;SUN Pingdong;LU Youlin;WEI Jihui;SHI Biao;LU Yuan;ZHENG Hongjian(College of Agriculture,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052,China;Crop Breeding&Cultivation Research Institute,Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Shanghai 201403,China;CIMMYT-China Special Maize Research Center,Shanghai 201403,China;Shanghai Special Maize Engineering Technology Research Center,Shanghai 201403,China;Development Center of Plant Germplasm Resources,College of Life Sciences,Shanghai Normal University,Shanghai 201418,China;Biotechnology Research Institute,Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Shanghai 201106,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学农学院,乌鲁木齐830052 [2]上海市农业科学院作物育种栽培研究所,上海201403 [3]CIMMYT-中国特用玉米研究中心,上海201403 [4]上海特用玉米工程技术研究中心,上海201403 [5]上海师范大学生命科学学院植物种质资源开发中心,上海201418 [6]上海市农业科学院生物技术研究所,上海201106

出　　处：《上海农业学报》2023年第5期82-88,共7页Acta Agriculturae Shanghai

基　　金：上海市科技兴农项目(2022-02-08-00-12-F01200);上海市青年科技启明星项目(23QB1403100);上海市农业科学院青年科技人员“助跑”计划(ZP22121)。

摘　　要：深紫灰色糯玉米的着色时间是影响其商业价值的重要因素之一。以2个着色时间不同的深紫灰色糯玉米自交系SWL302和SWL309为材料,测定其籽粒总酚、类黄酮、总花色苷含量,并分析不同生育期的深紫灰色糯玉米籽粒6种花色苷组分的累积动态及花色苷合成代谢通路关键酶基因的表达动态。结果表明:SWL302和SWL309完熟期总酚、类黄酮、总花色苷含量差异不显著。天竺葵色素、芍药素和矢车菊色素是使糯玉米籽粒呈现深紫灰色的花色苷,矢车菊色素和芍药素在籽粒生育期早期的快速累积导致SWL302籽粒着色较早,天竺葵色素在籽粒生育期较晚累积导致SWL309籽粒着色较晚。4-coumarate-CoA ligase-like7、4-coumarate-CoA ligaselike3、phenylalanine ammonia-lyase、Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase1在SWL302生长发育前期的表达量均显著高于SWL309,chi3、a4在SWL302和SWL309不同生长发育阶段表达量各有不同。SWL302的gst1、gst24在授粉后23—31 d表达量显著高于SWL309。育种中可以通过提高玉米籽粒生长发育前期4-coumarate-CoA ligase-like7、Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase1、a4基因的表达,加快矢车菊色素、天竺葵色素、芍药素的合成,提高鲜食期gst1、gst24基因的表达及花色苷转运至液泡的效率,使深紫灰色糯玉米籽粒在鲜食期完全转色,提高鲜食期深紫灰色糯玉米的营养和商品价值。The coloring time of dark purplish grey waxy maize is one of the important factors affecting its commercial value.We identified two dark purplish grey waxy maize inbred lines with different coloring processes(SWL302:pigmentation early;SWL309:pigmentation lately)and measured the total phenol,flavonoid,total anthocyanin content,dynamics of six anthocyanin components accumulation,and the expression of key genes involved in the anthocyanin synthesis and metabolism pathway.The results showed that there was no significant difference in total phenols,flavonoids,and total anthocyanins contents between SWL302 and SWL309 at the mature stage.Pelargonidin,peonidin,and cyanidin were the anthocyanin components that caused the pigmentation of dark purplish grey waxy maize kernels.The rapid accumulation of cyanidin and peonidin in the early growth stage resulted in kernel coloring of SWL302 early,while the accumulation of pelargonidin in the later growth stage resulted in late coloring of SWL309 kernel.The expression of 4-coumarate-COA ligase-like 7,4-coumarate-COA ligase-like 3,phenylalanine ammonia-lyase,and phenylalanine ammonia-lyase 1 gene of SWL302 were significantly higher than that in SWL309 at early stage.In SWL309 the chi3 gene expression was significantly higher than that in SWL302 at late developmental stages.Expression of gst1 and gst24 in SWL302 was significantly higher than that in SWL309 at 23-31 d after pollination.At early growth stages,the synthesis of cyanidin,pelargonidin,and peonidin could be facilitated by upregulating the expression of 4-coumarite CoA ligase like 7,phenylalanine ammonia like 1,and a4 genes.It’s supposed that the transportation of anthocyanins to vacuoles could be improved by upregulating the expression of gst1 and gst24 genes,subsequently improving the pigmentation process,and nutritional and commercial values of dark purplish grey waxy maize at the immature stage.

关 键 词：糯玉米 转色期 花色苷 基因表达 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学]