蚕丝与聚乳酸纤维织物碱剂和蛋白酶脱胶研究  

Alkaline and Enzymatic Degumming of Silk and Polylactide Fabric

作　　者：刘庆悦 唐人成[1] Liu Qingyue;Tang Rencheng(College of Textile and Clothing Engineering,Soochow University,Suzhou,Jiangsu 215021,China)

机构地区：[1]苏州大学纺织与服装工程学院,江苏苏州215021

出　　处：《针织工业》2023年第10期23-28,共6页Knitting Industries

摘　　要：聚乳酸(PLA)纤维较差的耐碱性增加了蚕丝与PLA交织物前处理脱胶的难度。文中采用碳酸钠和木瓜蛋白酶对蚕丝与PLA交织物脱胶。结果表明,织物于90℃碱脱胶60 min,当碳酸钠用量为2.00 g/L时,脱胶蚕丝表面光滑,脱胶充分;当碳酸钠用量为4.00 g/L时,PLA纤维表面出现了明显的刻蚀现象;织物纬向断裂强力随碳酸钠用量的增加而明显降低;较佳的碳酸钠用量为2.00 g/L。酶脱胶最适条件为:木瓜蛋白酶(80万单位)4.00 g/L、65℃、pH值6.0、60 min;酶脱胶后纤维表面有沉淀物,在后续的60℃水洗中能被有效地洗除;与碱脱胶相比,酶脱胶织物的纬向强损更低,即PLA损伤程度更低,更适用于蚕丝与PLA交织物的前处理。Polylactide(PLA)fiber has poor alkali resistance which increases technical difficulty in the pre-treatment of silk and PLA fabric.In the present work,the alkaline and enzymatic degumming of silk and PLA fabric was studied.The results show that when degumming is carried out using 2.00 g/L sodium carbonate at 90℃for 60 minutes,the silk fiber shows a smooth surface,indicating complete degumming.When 4.00 g/L sodium carbonate is used,PLA fiber shows an obvious etching surface.The tensile strength of the fabric in the weft direction decreases with increasing dosage of sodium carbonate.The optimal dosage of sodium carbonate is 2.00 g/L for alkaline degumming.The optimal conditions of enzymatic degumming are the following:papain(800000 units)4.00 g/L,65℃,pH value of 6.0,and lasting for 60 minutes.After enzymatic degumming,some depositions are distributed on the fiber surface,which can be effectively removed in the subsequent washing at 60℃.Compared with alkaline degumming,enzymatic degumming exhibits lower strength loss of the fabric in the weft direction with lower degradation of PLA,which is more suitable for pretreatment of silk and PLA fabric.

关 键 词：蚕丝 聚乳酸纤维 脱胶 碱剂 木瓜蛋白酶 断裂强力 

分 类 号：TS192[轻工技术与工程—纺织化学与染整工程]