扑热息痛对斑马鱼发育与运动行为效应的影响  

Effects of Paracetamol on Embryonic Development and Motor Behavior of Zebrafish

作　　者：许晨[1,2] 覃兰雪 徐挺 胡霞林[1,2] 尹大强 Xu Chen;Qin Lanxue;Xu Ting;Hu Xialin;Yin Daqiang(College of Environmental Science&Engineering,Tongji University,Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment,Ministry of Education,Shanghai 200092,China;Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security,Shanghai 200092,China)

机构地区：[1]同济大学环境科学与工程学院,长江水环境教育部重点实验室,上海200092 [2]上海污染控制与生态安全研究院,上海200092

出　　处：《生态毒理学报》2023年第5期85-93,共9页Asian Journal of Ecotoxicology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(22076141);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(2022-4-YB-13)。

摘　　要：扑热息痛(paracetamol)是一种常见的解热镇痛药,通常用于治疗感冒、发烧和关节痛等。由于其广泛应用,扑热息痛在环境中普遍存在,在地表水和地下水中的检出浓度范围为ng·L^(-1)至μg·L^(-1)。常规水处理工艺无法完全去除扑热息痛,且其在自然环境中很难被降解,因此扑热息痛对人体健康和水生态安全的潜在威胁引发了人们的担忧。本研究结合斑马鱼胚胎毒性测试与运动行为效应影响综合评估扑热息痛的生态毒性。研究结果发现,环境相关低浓度水平(5~100μg·L^(-1))的扑热息痛暴露对斑马鱼没有明显的急性毒性(致死、孵化等)和胚胎发育异常的亚致死效应,随着暴露浓度的增加(>200μg·L^(-1)),斑马鱼的致死率略有上升。此外,斑马鱼运动行为指标对扑热息痛暴露表现出了良好的灵敏性。在实验设置的最低浓度(5μg·L^(-1))暴露组即出现斑马鱼幼鱼游泳距离显著减小,顺逆时针转向规律改变的现象。此外,相比较空白对照组,各扑热息痛暴露组(5μg·L^(-1)~5 mg·L^(-1))斑马鱼均出现不同程度的运动抑制和转向改变,且斑马鱼运动抑制的程度随扑热息痛暴露时间的增加而增强。研究结果预示,与行为学效应相关的神经毒性指标可能对扑热息痛更加敏感,未来的研究应该强化行为学相关的指标,并探究神经毒性的内在机制,以更加全面地评价扑热息痛的生态风险。Paracetamol(N-acetyl-p-aminophenol,APAP)is a common antipyretic analgesic that is often used to treat colds,fever and arthralgia.Due to its widespread application,paracetamol is widely present in the environ-ment,with detection concentrations ranging from ng·L^(-1) toμg·L^(-1) levels in surface water and groundwater.Parac-etamol cannot be completely removed by conventional water treatment processes,and it’s hard to degrade in the natural environment.Therefore,the potential threat of paracetamol to human health and water ecological safety has raised concerns.In this study,we comprehensively evaluated the ecological toxicity of paracetamol by combining the zebrafish embryotoxicity experiment and the locomotion activity assay of zebrafish larvae.The results demon-strated that environmental relevant low concentration levels of paracetamol(5~100μg·L^(-1))showed no obvious a-cute toxicity(death,hatching,etc.)to zebrafish and sub-lethal effect of abnormal embryonic development.With the increasing of paracetamol exposure concentration(>200μg·L^(-1)),the mortality of zebrafish increased slightly.In addition,indicators of zebrafish motor behavior showed good sensitivity to paracetamol exposure.The minimum concentration of paracetamol exposure(5μg·L^(-1))could make zebrafish larvae a significant decrease in the swim-ming distance and a change in their clockwise and counterclockwise turning patterns.What’s more,compared to the blank control group,each paracetamol exposed group(5μg·L^(-1)~5 mg·L^(-1))showed varying degrees of motor inhibition distance and steering effects,and the degree of motor inhibition of zebrafish larvae increased with the in-creasing of paracetamol exposure time.The results above indicated that neurotoxic indicators related to the behav-ioral effects may be more sensitive to paracetamol.Future research should strengthen behavioral related indicators and explore the underlying mechanisms of neurotoxicity,so that the ecological risks of paracetamol can be compre-hensively evaluated.

关 键 词：扑热息痛 斑马鱼 发育 运动行为 

分 类 号：X171.5[环境科学与工程—环境科学]