中国淡水环境锰的水质基准及其生态风险评估  

Water Quality Criteria and Ecological Risk Assessment of Manganese in Fresh Water Environment in China

作　　者：李会仙[1] 张瑞卿 郭广慧[3] 冯承莲[1] 时迪 王宏洋[1] Li Huixian;Zhang Ruiqing;Guo Guanghui;Feng Chenglian;Shi Di;Wang Hongyang(State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment,Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences,Beijing 100012,China;School of Ecology and Environment,Inner Mongolia University,Huhhot 010021,China;Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101,China)

机构地区：[1]中国环境科学研究院环境基准与风险评估国家重点实验室,北京100012 [2]内蒙古大学生态与环境学院,呼和浩特010021 [3]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,北京100101

出　　处：《生态毒理学报》2023年第5期195-206,共12页Asian Journal of Ecotoxicology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFC3200104);国家自然科学基金资助项目(41503106,41977270,41807343)。

摘　　要：锰(Mn)是生物必需微量元素,但近年来地表水锰超标现象时有发生,威胁水生态安全。鉴于目前尚缺乏中国锰的淡水水生生物水质基准,本研究通过筛选中国淡水生物锰的急慢性毒性数据,利用水体硬度和pH参数归一化的毒性数据,建立物种敏感度分布曲线获得了锰的短期和长期水质基准,并采用商值法评价我国部分水体锰的生态风险。本研究建立了基于水体硬度修正的锰的短期水质基准模型,推导了不同硬度和pH值水平下中国淡水环境锰的短期和长期水质基准。研究结果表明当水质硬度标准化到150 mg·L^(-1)CaCO_(3)和pH标准化到7.8时,锰的短期基准值和长期基准值分别为2 625μg·L^(-1)和231μg·L^(-1)。锰的短期水质基准值以硬度的函数表示:短期水质基准=e([1.0304ln(硬度)+2.7099])。生态风险评价表明山西汾河、贵州松桃河流域和湖南酉水流域存在较高生态风险。研究结果可为锰水质标准制定、水生生物保护和水生态环境管理提供科学依据。Manganese(Mn)is an essential trace element for organisms,but in recent years,the concentrations of Mn in surface water often exceeded the water quality standard values,threatening the water ecological security in China.Currently,there is no water quality criteria(WQC)available for Mn to protect aquatic life in China.In this study,the toxicity data of Mn on Chinese native species was collected and the water parameter-based WQCs of Mn were derived by using species sensitivity distribution method.Moreover,the risk quotient method was used to as-sess the ecological risk of Mn in water bodies in China.The relationships between water hardness,pH and Mn tox-icity were constructed,and short-term and long-term WQCs of Mn at different water parameters were derived,re-spectively.The short-term and long-term WQCs were 2625μg·L^(-1) and 231μg·L^(-1),respectively,at water hard-ness of 150 mg·L^(-1) CaCO_(3) and pH of 7.8.The short-term WQC values expressed as a functions of hardness:Short-term WQCs=e[1.0304ln(Hardness)+2.7099].According to the ecological risk assessment,higher risk of Mn toxicity were indicated in Fen River of Shanxi,Songtao River Basin of Guizhou and Youshui River Basin of Hunan.The results in this study can provide scientific basis for establishment of the water quality standard of Mn,protection of freshwater aquatic life and management of water eco-environment in China.

关 键 词：水体 锰 水质基准 生态风险 水质参数 

分 类 号：X171.5[环境科学与工程—环境科学]