日本遗孤二代的社会意识  

Social Consciousness of the Second Generation of Japanese War Orphans

作　　者：孔风兰 Kong Fenglan

机构地区：[1]神户大学 [2]韶关学院外国语学院日语系

出　　处：《国际社会科学杂志（中文版）》2023年第3期106-118,8,12,13,共16页International Social Science Journal（Chinese Edition）

摘　　要：日本遗孤(即“遗孤一代”)及其家属移民日本的遗孤二代总称为“中国归国者”。本文对49名日本遗孤二代进行深度访谈,探讨了其社会意识,并得出“公费移民”和“自费移民”以及不论年龄的差异,都有其共同的特征这一结论。其中,六成以上的遗孤二代把自己定义为“中国人”,遗孤二代对于日本有“经济上富裕的国家”“因为和自己有关系所以有亲切感的国家”等积极评价的同时,也有“侵略中国的国家”“放任残留日本人(日本遗孤)的冷酷国家”的印象。而对于中国有“经济上急速发展的国家”“有古老传统、文化的国家”“祖国、自己的国家”“培养残留日本人的宽容的国家”等肯定的印象外,通过移民后回访中国增加了“经济发展快速,生活水平改善”的印象。遗孤二代发现了中日两国社会的长处和短处,在批判的同时强烈关心两国的发展。而且,对于日本政府的政策,几乎所有的遗孤二代都感觉到了问题和不足。这已经超越了现实生活过程的多样性,其社会意识产生了共同的特征。The second generation of war orphans who immigrated to Japan as family members of Japanese war orphans(hereinafter referred to as the"Orphan Generation")are collectively referred to as the"repatriates from China,"and the study of their experiences are of great significance to both individuals and the nation.This article conducted in-depth interviews with 49 second-generation Japanese war orphans,explored their social consciousness,and concluded that there are common characteristics between"Japanese government-supported immigrants"and"self-supported immigrants"and regardless of age.They found strengths and weaknesses in the societies of China and Japan and remains critical.Moreover,almost all of the second generation immigrants feel problems and shortcomings regarding the Japanese government's policies.This has transcended the diversity of the real life process and produced a common identity as a social consciousness.

关 键 词：日本遗孤 积极评价 急速发展 社会意识 深度访谈 日本政府 

分 类 号：D634.3[政治法律—政治学] D731.3[政治法律—中外政治制度]