氯化锂活化制备活性炭及吸附锂离子性能研究  

Preparation of Activated Carbon by Lithium Chloride Activation and Its Performance for Lithium Ion Adsorption

作　　者：杨佳音 张兴萍 李海朝[1,2] Yang Jiayin;Zhang Xingping;Li Haichao(Key Laboratory of Applied Physical Chemistry of Qinghai Province,Qinghai Minzu University,Xining,810007;Institute of Resource Chemistry of Qinghai,Xining,810007;Department of Chemistry,School of Science,Tianjin University,Tianjin,300072)

机构地区：[1]青海民族大学青海省应用物理化学重点实验室,西宁810007 [2]青海资源化学研究所,西宁810007 [3]天津大学理学院化学系,天津300072

出　　处：《化学通报》2023年第11期1383-1388,1382,共7页Chemistry

基　　金：青海省重点研发与转化计划项目(2022-QY-210);青海民族大学研究生创新项目资助。

摘　　要：采用化学活化法,用猪血粉为前驱体和新型活化剂氯化锂活化制备锂离子活性炭(LB-AC)并进行吸附锂离子研究。所制备LB-AC的比表面积为695m^(2)/g,总孔体积为0.3cm^(3)/g。通过扫描电镜、元素分析、X射线衍射分析和红外光谱分析等对其表面形貌和表面基团进行表征。吸附-解吸实验结果表明,随着温度升高,锂离子的吸附容量随之增加,表明LB-AC对锂离子的吸附是一种吸热反应。当温度增加至35℃和45℃时,其吸附容量分别增加至1.41和1.52 mg/g。锂离子的初始浓度增加,吸附容量也增加。锂的脱附随着盐酸浓度的升高而增加。LB-AC对锂离子的选择性很高,且吸附剂在碱性环境下吸附容量更高,在酸性环境下基本不吸附。Using pig blood meal as precursor and lithium chloride as a novel activator,Li-ion activated carbon(LB-AC)was prepared by chemical activation method and lithium-ions adsorption was studied.LB-AC with a specific surface area of 695 m^(2)·g^(-1) and a total pore volume of 0.3 cm^(3)·g^(-1) was obtained by activation of porcine blood meal with lithium chloride.The surface morphology and surface groups of LB-AC have been characterized by scanning electron microscopy,elemental analysis,X-ray diffraction analysis,and infrared absorption spectrometry.The results of adsorption-desorption analysis experiments show that the adsorption capacity of lithium-ions increases with temperature,suggesting that the adsorption of lithium ions by LB-AC is an endothermic reaction.The temperature increased to 35℃and 45℃,the adsorption capacity increased to 1.41 mg·g^(-1) and 1.52 mg·g^(-1),respectively.As the initial concentration of lithium-ions increases,the adsorption capacity also increases.Desorption of lithium increases with the concentration of hydrochloric acid.LB-AC has a high selectivity for lithium-ions,and the adsorbent has a higher adsorption capacity in alkaline environments,but essentially does not adsorb in acidic environments.

关 键 词：活性炭 氯化锂 表征 吸附 锂离子 

分 类 号：TQ424[化学工程] TS396.5[轻工技术与工程]