基于CFD的飞翼布局无人机气动外形优化  

Aerodynamic Shape Optimization of a Flying-Wing UAV

作　　者：安英韬 沐旭升 赵永辉[1] AN Yingtao;MU Xusheng;ZHAO Yonghui(College of Aerospace Engineering,Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,Nanjing 210016,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]南京航空航天大学航空学院,中国南京210016

出　　处：《Transactions of Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics》2023年第S02期9-17,共9页南京航空航天大学学报（英文版）

基　　金：supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.11972180)。

摘　　要：飞翼布局因其独特的翼身融合的气动外形,大大提高了飞行器的有效升力面积,外形优化问题和布局优化对于此类构型气动性能的提升同样重要。本文为解决飞翼布局无人机气动外形优化问题,建立了高效的参数化建模方法,实现了适应复杂外形的几何参数化变形控制,将基于梯度的优化算法、离散伴随方法与基于RANS(Reynolds average Navier-Stokes)方程的计算流体力学(Computational fluid dynamics,CFD)方法相结合,对飞翼布局无人机完成了气动外形的优化减阻设计,升阻比提升了7.17%。优化结果表明,在满足约束要求的前提下,基于上述技术的气动优化设计方法对翼身融合类构型具有良好的适应性,能有效改善无人机的气动性能。The flying-wing layout,characterized by its distinctive aerodynamic fusion of the wing and fuselage,markedly augments the effective lift surface area of an aircraft.Both shape optimization and layout optimization play equally vital roles in enhancing the aerodynamic performance of this kind of configurations.In this paper,to address the aerodynamic shape optimization challenges pertaining to flying-wing unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV),an efficient parametric modeling method is introduced.This method facilitates the parametric deformation control of complex shapes.It integrates gradient-based optimization algorithms,discrete adjoint methods,and computational fluid dynamics(CFD)techniques grounded in Reynolds average Navier-Stokes(RANS)equations to achieve aerodynamic shape optimization and reduce drag for flying-wing UAV,resulting in a notable 7.17%improvement in the lift-to-drag ratio.The optimization results indicate that,while adhering to constraint requirements,the aerodynamic optimization design method based on these methodologies exhibits robust adaptability to wing-fuselage blended configurations,effectively enhancing the aerodynamic performance of unmanned aerial vehicles.

关 键 词：飞翼布局 气动优化 计算流体力学 伴随方法 自由格式变形 

分 类 号：V211.3[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]