某踏步管梁振动特性分析与结构优化  

Analysis of Vibration Characteristics and Structural Optimization of a Step Tube Beam

作　　者：杨明 赵浩南 王生怀[2] 孙海明[2] 刘洋 张荻 YANG Ming;ZHAO Haonan;WANG Shenghuai;SUN Haiming;LIU Yang;ZHANG Di(Dongfeng Vasol Automobile Company Limited,Shiyan 442000,China;Hubei University of Automotive Technology,Shiyan 442002,China)

机构地区：[1]东风华神汽车有限公司,湖北十堰442000 [2]湖北汽车工业学院,湖北十堰442002

出　　处：《汽车实用技术》2023年第22期72-79,共8页Automobile Applied Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51675167);湖北省重点研发计划项目(2021BAA056)。

摘　　要：为解决某新型商用车踏步管梁设计强度不足的问题并实现结构轻量化目标,建立了踏步管梁的有限元模型,并进行强度分析。由于踏步的刚性不足导致结构强度及变形位移不满足可靠性设计要求,需进行改进,因此提出一种新的结构优化方法,将结构总质量作为设计目标,综合强度工况进行尺寸灵敏度多目标优化,优化后的踏步管梁结构不仅具有良好的振动特性,且各工况下的强度安全系数均满足了可靠性要求。通过多轴耦合振动耐久试验证实了仿真结果的有效性和轻量化方案的可行性,解决了该商用车踏步管梁强度不足的问题,同时满足了结构轻量化目标。文章总结试验测试数据提供了一种用以仿真踏步管梁强度可靠性的加载验证方式,为同类踏步管梁的结构设计提供了借鉴。In order to solve the problem of insufficient strength in the design of a new type of commercial vehicle's step tube beam and achieve the goal of structural lightweight,a finite element model of the step tube beam is established and strength analysis is conducted.Due to the insufficient rigidity of the step,the structural strength and deformation displacement do not meet the reliability design requirements,and improvements need to be improved.Therefore,a new structural optimization method is proposed,which takes the total mass of the structure as the design objective and performs multi-objective optimization of size sensitivity under comprehensive strength conditions.The optimized step tube beam structure not only has good vibration characteristics,but also meets the reliability requirements for strength safety factors under various working conditions.The effectiveness of the simulation results and the feasibility of the lightweight scheme are confirmed through multi-axis coupled vibration durability tests,which solves the problem of insufficient strength of the commercial vehicle's step tube beam and meets the structural lightweight goal.This paper summarizes experimental test data and provides a loading verification method for simulating the strength reliability of step tube beams,which provides a reference for the structural design of similar step tube beams.

关 键 词：踏步管梁 轻量化 可靠性 多目标优化 

分 类 号：U463.83[机械工程—车辆工程]