城市与山村青少年肠道菌群及其代谢组学差异的研究  

Study on the difference of gut microbiota and metabolites between urban and rural adolescents

作　　者：沈续航 苏时雨 关静 沈继龙[2] 陈熙[1] Shen Xuhang;Su Shiyu;Guan Jing;Shen Jilong;Chen Xi(Dept of Gastroenterology,The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University,Hefei 230022;The Key Laboratory of Microbiology and Parasitology Anhui,Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Pathogen Biology,Anhui Medical University,Hefei 230032)

机构地区：[1]安徽医科大学第一附属医院消化内科,合肥230022 [2]病原生物学安徽省重点实验室,安徽医科大学病原生物学教研室,合肥230032

出　　处：《安徽医科大学学报》2023年第11期1952-1956,共5页Acta Universitatis Medicinalis Anhui

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(编号:82073947)。

摘　　要：目的调查城市与山村青少年肠道菌群及代谢产物的差异,探究不同生活环境和行为方式的青少年肠道微生态及其对健康的意义,旨在指导青少年建立更为科学健康的生活饮食方式。方法收集合肥市中学生粪便标本(n=14)和绩溪县山村中学生粪便标本(n=18),两组学生年龄均在13.0~13.5岁。对粪便样本进行16S核糖体DNA鉴定(16S rDNA)、非靶向代谢产物检测(LC-MS),然后进行生物信息学分析。结果城乡两地青少年肠道菌群差异显著,城市学生以Lachnoclostridium菌、粪厌氧棒状杆菌(Anaerostipes)菌属占优势,这些细菌占比增高与肠癌、动脉粥样硬化以及抑郁症等疾病有关;而在山村青少年,优势细菌是瘤胃球菌属(Ruminococcaceae UCG-002)、巴恩斯菌属(Barnesiella)和真杆菌属(Eubacterium)等,这些细菌与胆汁酸、短链脂肪酸、脂质代谢、碳水化合物分解等代谢相关,对维持免疫平衡和生理功能发挥重要作用。两组代谢产物也存在显著的差异,主要表现在花生四烯酸代谢、血小板激活、5-羟色胺代谢、维生素吸收、初级胆汁酸代谢等通路上。结论城市和山村青少年肠道菌群和代谢产物具有显著差异;山村青少年因生活饮食方式更合理而拥有更健康的肠道菌群分布和代谢产物。Objective To investigate the differences in gut microbiota and metabolites between urban and rural middle school students and explore their significance in gut homeostasis,so as to establish a healthy lifestyle and diet for children.Methods Fecal samples were collected from middle school students in Hefei(n=14)and Jixi county(n=18,Southern Anhui),aged 13.0-13.5 years.Stool samples were sequenced by 16S ribosomal DNA identification(16S rDNA)and detected for non-targeted metabolites by liquid chromatograph mass spectrometer(LC-MS),followed by bioinformatic analysis.Results Lachnoclostridium and Anaerostipes were dominant in the urban students that had been reported to be associated with colorectal cancer,atherosclerosis,depression and other disorders.In the village children,Ruminococcaceae UCG-002,Barnesiella and Eubacterium dominated.An increased proportion of these microbes were related to metabolism of bile acids,short-chain fatty acids,lipid and carbohydrate decomposition,and play an important role in maintaining immune balance and physiological function.Additionally,significant differences in gut metabolites of the two groups were noted,mainly in arachidonic acid metabolism,platelet activation,serotonin metabolism,vitamin absorption,primary bile acid metabolism and other pathways.Conclusion Adolescent students of urban and mountainous areas differ in gut microbiota and metabolites.Rural children have a healthy bacterial flora and metabolites in guts due to a reasonable lifestyle and diet in comparison with the city children.

关 键 词：城乡人群 青少年 肠道菌群 16S rDNA LC-MS 代谢组学 

分 类 号：R179[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]