淮南煤矿区地表水和地下水水化学特征及控制因素  

Hydrochemical Characteristics and Control Factors of Surface Water and Groundwater in Huainan Coal Mine Area

作　　者：刘海[1] 康博 管政亭[1] 宋阳 柴义伦 LIU Hai;KANG Bo;GUAN Zheng-ting;SONG Yang;CHAI Yi-lun(Public Geological Survey Management Center in Anhui Province,Hefei 23091,China;College of Resources and Environment Engineering,Hefei University of Technology,Hefei 230041,China;Geo-environment Monitoring Station of Anhui Province,Hefei 230001,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽省公益性地质调查管理中心,合肥230091 [2]合肥工业大学资源与环境工程学院,合肥230041 [3]安徽省地质环境监测总站,合肥230001

出　　处：《环境科学》2023年第11期6038-6049,共12页Environmental Science

基　　金：安徽省自然资源厅公益性地质调查项目(2022-g-1-16)。

摘　　要：为厘清淮南矿区地表水和地下水水化学特征和控制因素,采集115组地下水和30组地表水样品,基于数理统计、Piper三线图、Gibbs图、矿物稳定场图和离子比例系数等方法,分析了淮南煤矿区地表水和地下水的水文地球化学特征,研究了其水化学特征演变规律.结果表明,淮南煤矿区地下水和地表水呈弱碱性,地表水和地下水中优势阴阳离子为HCO_(-)_(3)、Ca^(+)和Na^(+).HCO_(3)-Ca型和HCO_(3)-Ca·Na·Mg型为地表水和地下水的主要水化学类型.地下水和地表水的水化学特征主要受岩石风化作用控制,阳离子交替吸附和蒸发对其有一定的促进作用.水岩作用以硅酸盐和碳酸盐矿物的溶解为主,碳酸盐岩的溶解制约Ca^(2+)、Mg^(2+)和HCO^(-)_(3)等离子的变化.地表水和地下水中Cl-、SO_(4)^(2-)、NO^(-)_(3)和Ca^(2+)受人类活动造成的外源输入影响.淮南煤矿区地下水和地表水水化学组分受到水岩相互作用和人类活动的双重影响,且地下水受人类活动影响较大.To clarify the hydrochemical characteristics and control factors of surface and underground water in Huainan mining area,115 groups of groundwater and 30 groups of surface water samples were collected,and the hydrogeochemical characteristics of surface water and groundwater in Huainan mining area were analyzed.Additionally,the hydrochemistry evolution law was discussed by comprehensively using mathematical statistics,the Piper triangular diagram,Gibbs diagram,mineral stability field diagram,and ion ratio relationship,etc.The results showed that the groundwater and surface water in the study area were weakly alkaline,the dominant anion was HCO^(-)_(3),and the dominant cations were Ca^(+)and Na^(+).The hydrochemical types of groundwater and surface water were dominated by HCO3-Ca type and HCO^(-)_(3)Ca·Na·Mg type,respectively.The hydrochemical composition of groundwater and surface water was mainly controlled by rock weathering,as well as by alternating adsorption of cations and evaporation concentration.Silicate and carbonate minerals were mainly dissolved in the water-rock interaction.The main ions such as Ca^(2+),Mg^(2+),and HCO^(-)_(3)came from the dissolution of carbonate rocks.The Cl^(-),SO_(4)^(2-),NO^-_(3),and Ca^(2+)were affected by exogenous inputs caused by human activities.The chemical components of groundwater and surface water in Huainan coal mining area were affected by water-rock interactions and human activities,and groundwater was greatly affected by human activities.

关 键 词：淮南煤矿区 地下水 水文地球化学特征 水岩作用 控制因素 

分 类 号：X143[环境科学与工程—环境科学]