广东省药物活性化合物的污染特征及生态风险评价  

Characteristics and Ecological Risk Assessment of Pharmaceutical Active Compounds in Guangdong Province

作　　者：罗嘉豪 王煜凯 原珂 卢耀斌 罗丽娟 栾天罡 LUO Jia-hao;WANG Yu-kai;YUAN Ke;LU Yao-bin;LUO Li-juan;LUAN Tian-gang(Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Quality Improvement and Ecological Restoration for Watersheds,School of Ecology,Environment and Resources,Guangdong University of Technology,Guangzhou 510006,China;Jieyang Branch of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Rongjiang Laboratory),Jieyang 515200,China;Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Monitoring and Safety of Psychoactive Substances,Guangdong Drug Experimental Technology Center,Guangzhou 510232,China;Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Resources and Coastal Engineering,School of Marine Science,Sun Yat-sen University,Zhuhai 519082,China;State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol,School of Life Sciences,Sun Yat-Sen University,Guangzhou 510275,China)

机构地区：[1]广东工业大学生态环境与资源学院,广东省流域水环境治理与水生态修复重点实验室,广州1510006 [2]化学与精细化工广东省实验室揭阳分中心,揭阳515200 [3]广东省毒品实验技术中心,广东省精神活性物质监测与安全重点实验室,广州510232 [4]中山大学海洋科学学院,广东省海洋资源与近岸工程重点实验室,珠海519082 [5]中山大学生命科学学院,水产动物疫病防控与健康养殖全国重点实验室,广州510275

出　　处：《环境科学》2023年第11期6149-6158,共10页Environmental Science

基　　金：广东省重点领域研发计划项目(2020B1111350003);广东引进创新创业团队项目(2019ZT08L213);科技部重点领域创新团队项目(SQ2019RA4E000052);广东省重点实验室项目(2019B121203011)。

摘　　要：随着药物活性化合物(PhACs)的大量生产和使用,PhACs已成为环境中的一类新污染物.为了调查PhACs在广东省的污染特征,采集了全广东省21个城市,包括178个乡镇及行政区,共186个污水厂的原始污水.采用全自动固相萃取仪和高效液相色谱-三重四级杆质谱联用仪,分析了污水厂进水中10种典型PhACs的污染水平,全面揭示了PhACs在广东省的空间分布特征,并对PhACs的潜在生态风险进行评价.调查结果表明,全部污水厂均有PhACs检出,各污水厂进水中∑PhACs质量浓度范围为21.00~9558.25 ng·L^(-1),其中美托洛尔、对乙酰氨基酚、苯扎贝特和咖啡因是广东省污水厂进水中的主要污染物.在空间分布上,广东省各区域∑PhACs质量浓度平均值呈现出珠三角>粤北>粤东≈粤西的分布特征.根据污水厂的处理工艺,对∑PhACs质量浓度超过2500 ng·L^(-1)的污水厂的出水质量浓度进行估算,并根据估算的出水进行PhACs的生态风险评价.结果表明,广东省PhACs的生态风险较低,苯扎贝特在韶关、江门和深圳呈现出中风险,∑PhACs生态风险最高的地区为韶关.Pharmaceutically active compounds(PhACs)have become a class of new pollutants in the environment after extensive production and use of PhACs in China.To investigate the pollution characteristics of PhACs in Guangdong Province,raw sewage was collected from 186 sewage treatment plants in 21 cities,including 178 townships and administrative districts in Guangdong Province.The pollution levels of ten typical PhACs in influent water of sewage treatment plants were analyzed using automatic solid phase extraction and high performance liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry.The spatial distribution characteristics of PhACs in Guangdong Province were fully revealed,and the potential ecological risks of PhACs were evaluated.The results showed that PhACs were detected in all wastewater plants,and the mass concentration of PhACs ranged from 21.00 to 9558.25 ng·L^(-1).Metoprolo,acetaminophen,bezafibrate,and caffeine were the main pollutants.In terms of spatial distribution,the average mass concentration of∑PhACs in various regions of Guangdong Province was in the following order:Pearl River Delta>North Guangdong>East Guangdong≈West Guangdong.When the mass concentration of∑PhACs was over 2500 ng·L^(-1)in the influent water of sewage treatment plants,the concentration of PhACs in effluent was estimated according to the sewage disposal technology.The ecological risk of PhACs was carried out based on the effluent.The results revealed that the ecological risk of PhACs was low in Guangdong Province,and the risk of bezafibrate was moderate in the cities of Shaoguan,Jiangmen,and Shenzhen.The highest ecological risk of∑PhACs was located in Shaoguan.

关 键 词：污水处理厂 进水 药物活性化合物(PhACs) 空间分布特征 生态风险评价 

分 类 号：X131.2[环境科学与工程—环境科学] X820.4