粪肥施用对抗生素在土壤上吸附的影响  

Effect of Manure Application on the Adsorption of Antibiotics to Soil

作　　者：罗珊 胡锦昇 唐翔宇 耿春女[1] 程建华 LUO Shan;HU Jin-sheng;TANG Xiang-yu;CENG Chun-ni;CHENG Jian-hua(School of Ecological Technology and Engineering,Shanghai Insttute of Technology Shanghai 201418,China;College of Forestry and Biotechnology Zhejiang A&F University,Hangzhou 311300,China;Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Chengdu 610041,China)

机构地区：[1]上海应用技术大学生态技术与工程学院,上海201418 [2]浙江农林大学林业与生物技术学院,杭州311300 [3]中国科学院、水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所,成都610041

出　　处：《环境科学》2023年第11期6399-6411,共13页Environmental Science

基　　金：浙江省自然科学基金项目(LD21D010001);上海应用技术大学中青年科技人才发展基金项目(ZQ2019-17)。

摘　　要：磺胺类抗生素和氟苯尼考(FFC)是浙江省普遍使用的抗生素,在土壤上吸附弱而易于迁移,存在较高的环境风险.近年来,粪源抗生素对农田土壤潜在风险的研究多是在实验室条件下添加粪肥的方式进行,无法评估自然施肥状态下抗生素的污染风险.因此以浙江省长期施用不同肥料(鸡粪、猪粪和化肥)的5种旱地农田土壤[临安(LA)、嘉善(JS)、龙游(LY)、开化(KH)和金华(JH)]为对象,选用4种常用的抗生素[磺胺嘧啶(SD)、磺胺二甲基嘧啶(SMT)、磺胺甲基异噁唑(SMZ)和FFC],进行批量平衡实验,探究土壤不同类型和粪肥类型对抗生素在土壤中吸附的影响.结果表明,4种抗生素在实验土壤中的吸附都较弱,吸附次序为:SMT(1.44^13.23 mg^(1-(1/n))·L^(1/n)·kg^(-1))>SMZ(0.73^6.05 mg^(1-(1/n))·L^(1/n)·kg^(-1))>SD(0.16^5.57 mg^(1-(1/n))·L^(1/n)·kg^(-1))>FFC(0.27^3.81 mg^(1-(1/n))·L^(1/n)·kg^(-1)).Freundlich模型对SD、SMT和FFC的等温吸附拟合效果优于线性模型,其中SD和FFC属于“S”型吸附,SMT属于“L”型吸附;SMZ的线性模型的拟合效果优于Freundlich模型.总有机碳(TOC)和溶解性有机碳(DOC)含量能较好地预测4种抗生素的吸附容量(r为0.548^0.808),阳离子交换量(CEC)和电导率(EC)能较好地预测SMT和FFC的吸附容量(r为0.758^0.841).与施用化肥相比,粪肥施用会提高酸性和中性土壤的TOC、DOC、CEC和EC的值而有利于抗生素在土壤上的吸附,但同时会增加土壤pH而不利于抗生素在土壤上的吸附;粪肥施用会降低碱性土壤TOC、DOC、CEC、EC和pH的值,pH降低有利于抗生素在土壤上的吸附,但TOC、DOC、CEC和EC值的降低则不利于抗生素在土壤上的吸附.对于肥力低的酸性土壤,施用粪肥后因增加了土壤肥力从而增加了抗生素在土壤上的吸附,如LA点施用鸡粪的土壤、LY(1)点施用猪粪的土壤和JH点施用鸡粪和猪粪的土壤;但是对于肥力高的酸性和中性土壤,施用粪肥因增加Sulfonamide antibiotics and florfenicol(FFC)are commonly used antibiotics in Zhejiang Province.They have weak adsorption on soil and are easy to migrate,with high environmental risks.In recent years,most of the studies on the potential risk of fecal-derived antibiotics to farmland soil were conducted by adding manure under laboratory conditions;therefore,it is impossible to assess the risk of antibiotic pollution under natural fertilization.Therefore,batch balance experiments were conducted to explore the effects of different soil types and manure types on the adsorption of antibiotics in the soil,in which five types of dryland farmland soils[Lin'an(LA),Jiashan(JS),Longyou(LY),Kaihua(KH),and Jinhua(JH)]in Zhejiang Province that have been used with different fertilizers(chicken manure,pig manure,and chemical fertilizer)for a long time were chosen,and four types of commonly used antibiotics[sulfadiazine(SD),sulfamethazine(SMT),sulfamethoxazole(SMZ),and FFC]were selected.The results showed that the adsorption of the four antibiotics in the experimental soil was weak,and the adsorption capacity decreased in the order of:SMT(1.44-13.23 mg^(1-(1/n))·L^(1/n)·kg^(-1))>SMZ(0.73-6.05 mg^(1-(1/n))·L^(1/n)·kg^(-1))>SD(0.16-5.57 mg^(1-(1/n))·L^(1/n)·kg^(-1))>FFC(0.27-3.81 mg^(1-(1/n))·L^(1/n)·kg^(-1)).The Freundlich model was superior to the linear model in fitting the isotherm adsorption of SD,SMT,and FFC,in which SD and FFC belonged to“S”type adsorption,and SMT belonged to“L”type adsorption.For SMZ,the fitting effect of the linear model was better than that of the Freundlich model.The contents of total organic carbon(TOC)and dissolved organic carbon(DOC)could better predict the adsorption capacity of the four antibiotics(r=0.548-0.808),and the values of cation exchange capacity(CEC)and electrical conductivity(EC)could better predict the adsorption capacity of SMT and FFC(r=0.758-0.841).Compared with the application of chemical fertilizer,manure application increased the values of TOC,DOC,CEC,and EC in acidic

关 键 词：磺胺类抗生素 氟苯尼考(FFC) 批量平衡实验 吸附容量 鸡粪 猪粪 

分 类 号：X131[环境科学与工程—环境科学]