隧道影响浅层泉点的量化方法  

A Method for Quantizing the Impact of Tunnel on Shallow Springs

作　　者：高楠 毛邦燕[1] 张广泽[1] 徐学渊 GAO Nan;MAO Bangyan;ZHANG Guangze;XU Xueyuan(China Railway Eryuan Engineering Group Co.,Ltd.,Chengdu 610031,China)

机构地区：[1]中铁二院工程集团有限责任公司,成都610031

出　　处：《高速铁路技术》2023年第5期75-80,共6页High Speed Railway Technology

摘　　要：隧道开挖后会使隧道周围一定范围内地下水位下降,造成地表出露的泉点减流与疏干,这种环境负效应在岩溶地区尤其突出。本文对岩溶地区隧道影响浅层泉点的量化方法进行研究。首先,根据浅层岩溶水循环特征,将浅层岩溶泉点划分为接触型(Ⅰ)、侵蚀型(Ⅱ)和暗河型(Ⅲ),分析泉点泉域边界条件,确定了泉域圈闭原则。其次,总结归纳了隧道对于浅层泉点影响范围的预测方法。最后,提出了隧道影响泉点的4种模式,即无影响型(A)、减流影响型(B)、泉点疏干型(C)和泉域疏干型(D),以及不同模式泉点流量受影响程度的量化方法。以川东隔挡式构造某隧道为例,对提出的隧道影响浅层泉点的量化方法进行应用,预测隧道对5个地下水有疏干影响,对3个地下水点有不同程度的减流影响。Tunnel excavation can cause a decrease in groundwater level within a certain range around the tunnel,resulting in reduced flow and dewatering of springs exposed on the surface.This negative environmental effect is particularly prominent in karst areas.This paper studied the method for quantizing the impact of tunnels on shallow springs in karst areas.Based on the characteristics of shallow karst water circulation,shallow karst springs were classified into contact type(I),erosion type(Ⅱ),and underground river type(Ⅲ).The boundary conditions of spring catchments were analyzed,and the principles for delineating catchment areas were determined.The paper summarized the methods for predicting the impact range of tunnels on shallow springs,and proposed four modes of tunnel impact on springs,namely,no impact(A),reduced flow impact(B),spring dewatering(C),and catchment dewatering(D)and the methods for quantizing the degree of impact on spring flow in different modes were also proposed.Taking a tunnel with a barrier-type structure in the eastern Sichuan as an example,the proposed method was applied,and it was predicted that the tunnel would dewater 5 groundwater points and had varying degrees of reduced flow impact on 3 groundwater points.

关 键 词：岩溶泉 泉域 环境负效应 

分 类 号：U452.11[建筑科学—桥梁与隧道工程]