771例儿童视网膜母细胞瘤发病的流行病学分析  

Epidemiological analysis of 771 children with retinoblastoma

作　　者：李楠[1] 王一卓[1] 张谊[1] 张伟令[1] 史季桐[1] 马建民 黄东生[1] LI Nan;WANG Yizhuo;ZHANG Yi;ZHANG Weiling;SHI Jitong;MA Jianmin;HUANG Dongsheng(Department of Pediatrics,Beijing Tongren Hospital,Capital Medical University,No.2,Xihuan South Road,Yizhuang Economic and Technological Development Zone,Beijing 100176,China;Department of Ophthalmology,Beijing Tongren Hospital,Capital Medical University,No.2,Xihuan South Road,Yizhuang Economic and Technological Development Zone,Beijing 100176,China)

机构地区：[1]首都医科大学附属北京同仁医院儿科,北京100176 [2]首都医科大学附属北京同仁医院眼科,北京100176

出　　处：《中国小儿血液与肿瘤杂志》2023年第4期225-230,共6页Journal of China Pediatric Blood and Cancer

基　　金：首都卫生发展科研专项(2022-2-2055)。

摘　　要：目的分析我院儿科收治的视网膜母细胞瘤(RB)的发病特点及流行病学特征。方法回顾性分析2016年1月—2020年12月,在我院儿科病房接受诊治的771例RB患者的临床资料。结果其中男436人,女335人,起病中位年龄为20.0(0-153)个月。单侧眼发病542人,双眼发病222人,三侧性RB患者7人;中位发病年龄分别为24.0个月、10.5个月及6.0个月,三组患儿的平均发病年龄对比有统计学差异(P=0.000)。17.6%(136/771)患者存在延误诊治的情况;眼内期(703/771)、眼外期(55/771)及转移期(13/771)患儿延误的中位时间分别为5.0个月,7.0个月,12.0个月的诊治延误,差异有统计学意义(P=0.005)。随着地域经济水平的下降,患者诊治延误的比例及晚期患者比例有升高的趋势。结论RB患者5岁以下多见,单眼RB患者发病年龄高,延误诊治与晚期疾病相关。就诊患者围绕区域医疗中心放射分布,地域经济水平可能影响RB患者的就诊情况,进而影响预后。Objective To analyze the incidence and epidemiological characteristics of retinoblastoma(RB)admitted to the Pediatrics Department of Beijing Tongren Hospital.Methods Clinical data of 771 RB patients who were diagnosed and treated in the pediatric ward of Beijing Tongren Hospital from January 2016 to December 2020 were analyzed retrospectively.Results There were 436 males and 335 females.The median age of onset was 20.0(0-153)months old.Among them,there were 542 cases of monocular disease,222 cases of bilateral disease,and 7 cases of trilateral RB.The median age of onset for them was 24.0 months,10.5 months and 6.0 months respectively.There was a statistical difference in the average age of onset between the three groups(P=0.000).About 17.6%(136/771)of patients had delayed diagnosis and treatment.The median time of delay in diagnosis and treatment of children in the intraocular(703/771),extraocular(55/771)and metastatic stages(13/771)was 5.0 months,7.0 months and 12.0 months respectively,and the difference was statistically significant(P=0.005).With the decline of regional economic level,the proportion of patients with delayed diagnosis and treatment and the proportion of patients with advanced stage have an upward trend.Conclusions RB patients are more common under 5 years old,and monocular RB patients have a high age of onset.Delayed diagnosis and treatment are related to advanced diseases.The patients are distributed around the regional medical centers,and the regional economic level may affect the treatment of RB patients,and then affect the prognosis.

关 键 词：视网膜母细胞瘤 流行病学 发病特点 

分 类 号：R739.7[医药卫生—肿瘤] R181.3[医药卫生—临床医学]