青少年抑郁症患者非自杀性自伤行为的影响因素分析  

Analysis of influencing factors of non-suicidal self-injury behavior in adolescents with depression

作　　者：袁晓菲[1] 尹胜健 周娇娇[1] 吴元贞 陈旭[1] Yuan Xiaofei;Yin Shengjian;Zhou Jiaojiao;Wu Yuanzhen;Chen Xu(Beijing Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Mental Disorders,National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders&National Center for Mental Disorders,Beijing Anding Hospital,Capital Medical University,Beijing 100088,China)

机构地区：[1]首都医科大学附属北京安定医院、国家精神疾病医学中心、国家精神心理疾病临床医学中心、精神疾病诊断与治疗北京市重点实验室,北京100088

出　　处：《发育医学电子杂志》2023年第6期416-422,共7页Journal of Developmental Medicine (Electronic Version)

基　　金：首都卫生发展研究专项(首发2022-2G-2123);首都医科大学附属北京安定医院院级课题(YX2019-05)。

摘　　要：目的探讨青少年抑郁症患者非自杀性自伤(non-suicidal self-injurious,NSSI)行为的影响因素。方法采取连续入组方式,将2020年9月20日至12月6日在首都医科大学附属北京安定医院就诊的67例青少年抑郁症患者纳入研究,并根据是否存在NSSI,分为NSSI组(n=44)和非NSSI组(n=23)。采集研究对象的一般人口学资料,并采用应对方式问卷、青少年生活事件量表、儿童期创伤问卷、简式父母教养方式问卷对自责、退避、人际关系、学习压力、健康适应、父亲过度保护、母亲过度保护等维度进行评估。统计学方法采用χ^(2)检验、t检验和多因素Logistic逐步回归分析。结果NSSI组和非NSSI组患者的一般人口学特征比较,差异均无统计学意义(P值均>0.05)。单因素分析结果显示,NSSI组患者的应对方式问卷中退避、自责,青少年生活事件量表中的人际关系、学习压力、丧失、健康适应,儿童期创伤问卷中的性虐待,简式父母教养方式问卷中的父亲过度保护、母亲过度保护得分均高于非NSSI组,差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,退避(OR=19.647,95%CI:1.022~377.838,P=0.048),学习压力因子(OR=2.906,95%CI:1.126~7.502,P=0.027)以及母亲过度保护(OR=2.996,95%CI:1.122~8.000,P=0.029)是青少年抑郁症患者伴有NSSI的危险因素。结论青少年抑郁症患者伴有较高的NSSI发生率,退避的应对方式、学习压力大以及母亲过度保护者更容易发生NSSI。Objective To explore the influencing factors of non-suicidal self-injurious(NSSI)behavior in adolescents with depression.Method A total of 67 adolescents with depression who were admitted to Beijing Anding Hospital,Capital Medical University from September 20,2020 to December 6 were included in the study using a continuous enrollment method,and they were divided into NSSI group(n=44)and non-NSSI group(n=23)according to the presence or absence of NSSI.The general demographic data of the subjects were collected,and the coping style questionnaire,adolescent life events scale,childhood trauma questionnaire,and simplified parenting style questionnaire were used to evaluate self-blame,avoidance,interpersonal relationship,learning pressure,health adjustment,paternal overprotection,and maternal overprotection.Statistical methods performed by χ^(2) test,t-test and multiple Logistic regression analysis.Result There was no significant difference in general demographic characteristics between NSSI group and non-NSSI group(all P>0.05).Univariate analysis results showed that the scores of avoidance and self-blame in the coping style questionnaire,interpersonal relationship,learning stress,loss,and health adjustment in the adolescent life events scale,sexual abuse in the childhood trauma questionnaire,and paternal overprotective and maternal overprotective in the simplified parenting style questionnaire were higher in the NSSI group than in the non-NSSI group,the differences were statistically significant(all P<0.05).Multivariate Logistic regression analysis results showed that avoidance(OR=19.647,95%CI:1.022-377.838,P=0.048),learning stress factor(OR=2.906,95%CI:1.126-7.502,P=0.027)and maternal overprotection(OR=2.996,95%CI:1.122-8.000,P=0.029)were risk factors for NSSI in adolescents with depression.Conclusion Adolescents with depression are associated with a higher incidence of NSSI,and avoidant coping styles,high learning pressure,and maternal overprotective are more likely to develop NSSI.

关 键 词：青少年抑郁症 非自杀性自伤行为 影响因素 应对方式问卷 儿童期创伤问卷 

分 类 号：R749.4[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]