突发公共卫生事件下医学生远程心理危机干预效果评价  

Evaluation of Effectiveness of Online Psychological Crisis Intervention for Medical Students During Sudden Public Health Emergencies

作　　者：翟晓艳[1] 臧玉芹[2] 井朋 梁鹏 刘敬 倪爱华[1] ZHAI Xiaoyan;ZANG Yuqin;JING Peng;LIANG Peng;LIU Jing;NI Aihu(Department of Clinical Psychology,Hebei General Hospital,Shijiazhuang 050051,China;Department of Scientific Research and Education,Hebei General Hospital,Shijiazhuang 050051,China)

机构地区：[1]河北省人民医院临床心理科,石家庄050051 [2]河北省人民医院科教处,石家庄050051

出　　处：《神经损伤与功能重建》2023年第11期640-644,共5页Neural Injury and Functional Reconstruction

基　　金：河北省医学科学研究课题(No.20230343)。

摘　　要：目的:了解突发公共卫生事件(新型冠状病毒肺炎)疫情下医学生的心理状况,探讨远程心理危机干预疗效。方法:选取826例医学生,采取广泛性焦虑障碍量表(generalized anxiety disorder,GAD-7)、患者健康问卷(Patient Health Questionnaire,PHQ-9)、患者健康问卷躯体症状量表(Patient Health Questionnaire-15,PHQ-15)进行问卷调查,根据问题设计远程心理危机干预内容,2周后进行以上量表的复测及干预效果评价。结果:有效问卷826份,有焦虑症状的占8.4%(69/826),有抑郁症状的17.7%(146/826),有躯体化症状的13.8%(114/826)。20~30岁年龄段比31~43岁年龄段医学生躯体化症状评分更高(t=4.532,P=0.033)。对远程心理危机干预主观评价中,认为对自己有帮助的占92.1%(761/826),干预前后情绪及躯体问题评级有统计学意义(Z=-6.170,P<0.001),干预前后GAD-7评分差异有统计学意义(Z=-3.260,P=0.001),PHQ-15评分差异有统计学意义(Z=-2.200,P=0.028),PHQ-9评分差异无统计学意义(Z=-1.710,P=0.087)。结论:疫情期间医学生焦虑、抑郁、躯体化症状明显,及时的远程心理危机干预对医学生焦虑、躯体化症状有效。Objective:To investigate psychological status of medical students and evaluate effectiveness of online psychological crisis intervention during the COVID-19 epidemic,a sudden public health emergency.Methods:A total of 826 medical students were recruited.The psychological status of these students was evaluated using the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7(GAD-7),the Patient Health Questionnaire-9(PHQ-9),and the Patient Health Questionnaire-15(PHQ-15).Online psychological crisis intervention was designed based on the results of the questionnaires.The effectiveness of the intervention was evaluated by performing a retest of these questionnaires two weeks after the intervention.Results:Among 826 valid questionnaires,symptoms of anxiety,depression,and somatization were observed in 8.4%(69/826),17.7%(146/826),and 13.8%(114/826)of the students,respectively.Medical students aged 20~30 had higher scores for somatic symptoms than those aged 31~43(t=4.532,P=0.033).In the subjective evaluation of online psychological crisis intervention,92.1%(761/826)of the students found it helpful.There were significant differences in the scores of emotional and somatic symptoms(Z=-6.170,P<0.001),GAD-7 scores(Z=-3.260,P=0.001),and PHQ-15 scores(Z=-2.200,P=0.028)before and after the intervention,while the scores of PHQ-9 showed no significant difference(Z=-1.710,P=0.087).Conclusion:During the COVID-19 pandemic,medical students suffered from anxiety,depression,and somatic symptoms.Timely online psychological crisis intervention is effective in alleviating anxiety and somatic symptoms in these students.

关 键 词：新型冠状病毒肺炎 医学生 心理状况 远程 心理危机干预 

分 类 号：R741[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学] R749[医药卫生—临床医学]