低氧胁迫对大菱鲆血液学指标、肝脏抗氧化能力及鳃组织影响的性别差异  

Gender differences in the hematology,hepatic antioxidant capacity,and gill histology of turbot(Scophthalmus maximus)under hypoxic stress

作　　者：李飞霞 高云涛 王嘉伟 谢婷 张家荣 贾玉东[1,3] LI Feixia;GAO Yuntao;WANG Jiawei;XIE Ting;ZHANG Jiarong;JIA Yudong(Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Qingdao 266071,China;College of Fisheries and Life Science,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Process,Qingdao 266237,China)

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所,山东青岛266071 [2]上海海洋大学水产与生命学院,上海201306 [3]海洋渔业科学与食物产出过程功能实验室,山东青岛266237

出　　处：《中国水产科学》2023年第7期878-890,共13页Journal of Fishery Sciences of China

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(31972811);青岛海洋科学与技术试点国家实验室“十四五”重大项目课题(2022QNLM030001-4);中国水产科学研究院基本科研业务费项目(2023TD81)。

摘　　要：为探究大菱鲆(Scophthalmus maximus)对低氧环境的适应性及其在低氧胁迫下的生理反应是否具有性别差异,本研究选取规格相似的雌性[(169.95±13.55)g]和雄性[(170.08±19.02)g]大菱鲆,明确了其临界氧分压(critical oxygen tension,P_(crit))下水中的溶解氧浓度,分析了低氧胁迫和恢复正常溶解氧条件下血液生理生化指标、肝脏抗氧化能力、气体交换率、呼吸频率和鳃组织形态学变化。结果显示,雌雄大菱鲆在P_(crit)时溶解氧浓度分别为(3.34±0.23)mg/L和(3.22±0.17)mg/L,无显著性别差异(P>0.05)。低氧胁迫6 h后,雌雄大菱鲆血浆皮质醇(cortisol,COR)浓度,肝脏超氧化物歧化酶(superoxide dismutase,SOD)、过氧化氢酶(catalase,CAT)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(glutathione peroxidase,GSH-Px)活性,丙二醛(malondialdehyde,MDA)含量和雌性大菱鲆白细胞数目(white blood cell,WBC)均显著升高(P<0.05),且CAT、GSH-Px活性和MDA含量变化出现显著性别差异(P<0.05),COR浓度、CAT与GSH-Px活性及MDA含量变化均与时间和性别存在显著交互作用(P<0.05)。低氧胁迫6 h后,雌雄大菱鲆的气体交换率、呼吸频率、鳃小片长度、间距和周长显著增加,而鳃小片宽度显著减小(P<0.05),雌雄大菱鲆鳃小片末端杵状和基质增生变化显著增多(P<0.05),但无显著性别差异。恢复正常溶解氧12 h后,上述各项检测指标逐渐恢复至对照水平(P>0.05)。本研究表明,在低氧胁迫条件下,雌雄大菱鲆在血浆CAT、GSH-Px活性和MDA含量上存在显著的性别差异,大菱鲆通过提高肝脏抗氧化酶活性来缓解机体因低氧胁迫导致的氧化应激损伤,同时增加了呼吸频率和气体交换率,并伴随着鳃组织形态学变化来提升机体对氧气的摄取和利用能力,从而增强其对低氧环境的适应性,且雄性大菱鲆较雌性更耐低氧。This study aimed to investigate the tolerance and physiological differences between male and female turbot(Scophthalmus maximus)in response to hypoxic stress.Female(169.95±13.55)g and male(170.08±19.02)g turbot of similar sizes were used to determine the concentration of dissolved oxygen at their critical oxygen tension(P_(crit)).Furthermore,changes in blood physiological and biochemical indexes,hepatic antioxidant activity,gas exchange rate,respiratory rate,and gill histomorphology were analyzed under hypoxic stress and again after reoxygenation.The results showed that the dissolved oxygen concentrations of male and female turbot under P_(crit)were(3.34±0.23)mg/L and(3.22±0.17)mg/L,respectively,with no significant difference observed(P>0.05).Turbot plasma cortisol(COR)glucose(GLU)content,white blood cell(WBC)number,hepatic superoxide dismutase(SOD),catalase(CAT),and glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px)activity,and malondialdehyde(MDA)content were all significantly increased(P<0.05)after 6 h of hypoxic stress treatment.Meanwhile,significant differences in CAT activity,GSH-Px activity,and MDA content were observed between males and females after treatment with hypoxia for 6 h.The gas exchange rate,respiratory rate,secondary lamellar length(SLL),interlamellar distance(ID),and perimeter of gill lamella of both male and female turbot were significantly increased,whereas the secondary lamellar width(SLW)of gill lamella were significantly decreased(P<0.05).The clubbing and matrix hyperplasia at the end of gill lamella of female and male turbot manifested similar results to those of the SLL(P<0.05),with no significant difference observed between the sexes.All aforementioned parameters were recovered to normal levels after reoxygenation for 12 h.These results demonstrate that there were physiological differences observed between male and female turbot under hypoxic stress conditions,especially in CAT activity,GSH-Px activity,and MDA content.These changes aimed to meet the metabolic demand of the organism while enhancing th

关 键 词：大菱鲆 低氧胁迫 血液生理生化 抗氧化能力 鳃组织形态 性别差异 

分 类 号：S917[农业科学—水产科学]