老鸦瓣(Amana edulis)鳞茎营养成分和生物活性物质含量分析  

Analysis of the Content of the Nutritive Components and Active Substances in the Bulbs of Amana edulis(Miq.)Honda

作　　者：张艳秋[1,2] 吴天宇[1] 田增智 张宏斌 邢桂梅[1,2] 张惠华[1] 鲁娇娇[1,2] 屈连伟[1,2] ZHANG Yan-qiu;WU Tian-yua;TIAN Zeng-zhi;ZHANG Hong-bin;XING Gui-mei;ZHANG Hui-hua;LU Jiao-jiao;QU Lian-wei(Institute of Floriculture,Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Shenyang 110161,China;Key Laboratory of Floriculture Liaoning Province,Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Shenyang 110161,China;Security Department,Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Shenyang 110161,China)

机构地区：[1]辽宁省农业科学院花卉研究所,沈阳110161 [2]辽宁省农业科学院辽宁省花卉科学重点实验室,沈阳110161 [3]辽宁省农业科学院安全保卫部,沈阳110161

出　　处：《沈阳农业大学学报》2023年第5期522-528,共7页Journal of Shenyang Agricultural University

基　　金：国家现代农业产业技术体系项目(CARS-23-G57);辽宁省农业科学院学科建设计划资助项目(2022DD051608);沈阳市中青年科技创新人才支持计划资助项目(RC210238);辽宁省农业科学院院长基金项目(2022MS0403,2023QN2403)。

摘　　要：老鸦瓣[Amana edulis(Miq.)Honda]为百合科(Liliaceae)郁金香属(Tulipa)的一种多年生球根花卉,主要分布于江西、浙江、湖北、安徽、江苏、陕西、山东、辽宁等地。去除鳞茎皮后的干燥鳞茎即为中药“光慈姑”,是中国传统的中药材。目前,研究者对老鸦瓣的研究主要集中在分类、生理、组培、栽培及繁殖等方面,对其药用成分的研究较少,尤其对分布在辽宁的老鸦瓣的营养成分和生物活性物质研究未见报道。为了探讨老鸦瓣的药食用开发价值,以分布在辽宁省大连市境内的老鸦瓣为试验材料,分别在萌芽期和盛花期取母鳞茎、在枯萎期和休眠期取更新鳞茎,进行了营养成分和生物活性物质含量测定。结果表明:老鸦瓣鳞茎中的蛋白质、淀粉、多糖、维生素C、钙和粗纤维等营养成分含量丰富。在萌芽期,母鳞茎维生素C含量最高,为488.513μg·g^(-1),显著高于盛花期,极显著高于枯萎期和休眠期;在盛花期,钙和粗纤维含量最高,分别为1333.412μg·g-1和53.930 mg·g^(-1),两种物质含量均极显著高于其他3个时期;在休眠期,更新鳞茎的蛋白质、淀粉和多糖含量最高,分别为191.162,160.581,115.332 mg·g^(-1),其中,蛋白质含量显著高于萌芽期,极显著高于盛花期和枯萎期,淀粉和多糖2种物质含量均极显著高于其他3个时期。此外,鳞茎中还含有氨基酸、还原糖、皂苷、黄酮、鞣质、脂肪、铁、锌及秋水仙碱等成分,其中,秋水仙碱在不同时期的含量为0.067~0.094μg·g^(-1)。综上,老鸦瓣鳞茎含有丰富的营养成分和多种药用成分,具有较高的药食用开发潜力。Amana edulis(Miq.)Honda,belonging to the Tulipa in the family Liliaceae,is a perennial bulbous flower,mainly distributed in Jiangxi,Zhejiang,Hubei,Anhui,Jiangsu,Shanxi,Shandong,Liaoning and other areas.The dried bulb after removing the tunic is the traditional Chinese medicine‘Bulbus Tulipae’.At present,the research of Amana edulis mainly focuses on classification,physiology,tissue culture,cultivation,reproduction ect.,and less research on its medicinal components,especially,there is no report on the nutritional composition and bioactive substances of Amana edulis distributed in Liaoning.In order to explore the medicinal development and edible value of Amana edulis,bulbs of Amana edulis distributed in Dalian,Liaoning Province were used as experimental material in this study,the contents of nutritive component and active substance were determined in mother bulbs in sprout period and full-blossom period,in regeneration bulbs in wilting period and dormancy period respectivelyin this study.The results showed that the bulbs of Amana edulis were rich in protein,starch,polysaccharide,vitamin C,calcium and crude fiber etc.The highest content of vitamin C was 488.513μg·g^(-1) in sprout period,which was significantly higher than that in full-blossom period at 5%level,and in wilting period and dormancy period at 1% level respectively.The highest contents of calcium andcrude fiber were 1333.412μg·g^(-1) and 53.930 mg·g^(-1) in full-blossom period respectively,and the contents of the two substances were significantly higher than that in other three periods at 1% level.The highest contents of protein,starch and polysaccharide were 191.162 mg·g^(-1),160.581 mg·g^(-1) and 115.332 mg·g^(-1) in dormancy period respectively.The protein content in this period was significantly higher than that in sprout period at 5% level,and in full-blossom period and wilting period at 1%level,and the contents of starch and polysaccharidewere significantly higher than that in other three periods at 1% level.Furthermore,the bulb also con

关 键 词：老鸦瓣 鳞茎 药用价值 营养成分 

分 类 号：S682.2.63[农业科学—观赏园艺]