核糖体18S rRNA m^(6)A甲基转移酶METTL5的研究进展  

Progress in ribosomal 18S rRNA m^(6)A methyltransferase METTL5

作　　者：严媛丽 林芷伊 勾伟颖 李西海 YAN Yuanli;LIN Zhiyi;GOU Weiying;LI Xihai(College of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine,Fujian Traditional Chinese Medicine University,Fuzhou 350122,China)

机构地区：[1]福建中医药大学中西医结合学院,福建福州350122

出　　处：《中国病理生理杂志》2023年第11期2095-2099,共5页Chinese Journal of Pathophysiology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(No.82074461);福建省教育厅中青年教师教育科研项目(No.JAT210176)。

摘　　要：N^(6)-甲基腺嘌呤(N^(6)-methyladenosine,m^(6)A)即在腺苷酸的第6位氮原子处发生甲基化,是真核生物核糖核酸(ribonucleic acid,RNA)普遍的表观遗传修饰之一,存在于多种类型的RNA分子上,参与生物发生、稳定性调节、半衰期控制和前体信使RNA(messenger RNA,mRNA)剪接、输出及翻译等诸多关键细胞过程。m^(6)A甲基化修饰是一种动态可逆的过程,涉及到甲基化、去甲基化和甲基化修饰位点的识别,分别由m^(6)A甲基转移酶、m^(6)A去甲基化酶和m^(6)A甲基化阅读蛋白介导[1-3]。N^(6)-methyladenosine(m^(6)A)is one of the universal epigenetic modifications of eukaryotic ribonucleic acid(RNA),and involves in the regulation of a variety of cellular processes.As the most abundant RNA in cells-ribosomal RNA(rRNA),its function and mechanism of m^(6)A modification remained to be revealed.Methyltransferase-like protein 5(METTL5)is a methyltransferase that specifically mediates the m^(6)A modification of ribosomal 18S rRNA in A1832 site,m^(6)A modification at this site could affect the ribosomal translation function through changing the conformation of the ribosomal decoding center.METTL5 plays important roles in the occurrence and development of malignant tumors(liver cancer,breast cancer,gastric cancer,etc.),abnormal brain development(microcephaly,mental retardation,etc.),abnormal differentiation of embryonic stem cells and cardiac hypertrophy.The review focuses on the research progress of METTL5 in these aspects.

关 键 词：N^(6)-甲基腺嘌呤 甲基转移酶样蛋白5 核糖体RNA 疾病 

分 类 号：R329.21[医药卫生—人体解剖和组织胚胎学] R363.2[医药卫生—基础医学]