陕北采煤沉陷区沙地植被生态修复试验研究  

The Ecological Restoration Experiment on Sandy Vegetation of Coal Mining Subsidence Land in Northern Shannxi

作　　者：王路 李锦明 吕扬 王嗣桐 WANG Lu;LI Jinming;LV Yang;WANG Sitong(SHCCIG Caojiatan Mining Co.,Ltd.,Yulin,Shanxi 719000,China)

机构地区：[1]陕西陕煤曹家滩矿业有限公司,陕西榆林719000

出　　处：《中国锰业》2023年第5期73-79,共7页China Manganese Industry

基　　金：陕煤集团科技项目(编号:2020SMHKJ-B-J-40)。

摘　　要：针对陕北采煤沉陷区生态环境脆弱及荒漠化严重的问题,研究以铃铛刺、梭梭及粗毛甘草为指示作物,通过野外田间小区试验和室内主成分分析相结合的方法,观测了试验植被及灌溉方式对土壤性质和植被生长的影响。结果表明:①灌溉条件相同时,种植铃铛刺(即TR-1)对沙土含水率、pH提升最大,同时降低沙土容重效果最好,相较于梭梭(即TR-2)和粗毛甘草(即TR-3),TR-1处理组含水率和pH分别提高了36.03%、26.82%和0.81%、1.29%,容重分别降低2.74%和1.39%。TR-3对沙土孔隙度提升最大,相较于TR-1、TR-2处理组孔隙度分别提高0.21%和4.01%,灌溉方式不同时,处理组相较于对照组,含水率、孔隙度和pH显著提升,容重显著降低。②相同灌水条件下,TR-2处理组株高表现最好,相较于TR-1、TR-3处理组分别提升48.47%、146.94%,TR-3处理组的盖度及存活率表现最好,与对照组相比,TR-1、TR-2和TR-3处理组株高、盖度和存活率均显著提升,说明在沙土中种植梭梭更易存活,播种后持续每周浇水2次植被生长更好。③由主成分分析方法得出,当植被相同时,灌溉处理得分均大于对照组,灌溉条件相同时,种植粗毛甘草效果最好,综合得分为2.73。Aiming at the problems of fragile ecological environment and serious desertification in the coal mining subsidence land of Northern Shaanxi,the study takes Halimodendron halodendron,Haloxylon ammodendron and Glycyrrhiza aspera Pall.as indicator crops.Through the combination of field plot matching test and indoor principal component analysis,the effects of introduced plants and irrigation methods on soil properties and vegetation growth were observed.The results show that:(1)Under the same irrigation conditions,planting Halimodendron halodendron(TR-1)increased the moisture content and pH of sandy soil the most,and it reduced the bulk density of sandy soil the best.Compared with Haloxylon ammodendron(TR-2)and Glycyrrhiza aspera Pall.(TR-3),the moisture content and pH of TR-1 increased by 36.03%,26.82%and 0.81%,1.29%respectively,and the bulk density decreased by 2.74%and 1.39%respectively.Tr-3 has the greatest effect on the porosity of sandy soil,which increased by 0.21%and 4.01%respectively compared with TR-1 and TR-2.With different irrigation methods,the moisture content,porosity and pH of the treatment group were significantly higher than those of the control group,and the bulk density was significantly lower.(2)Under the same irrigation conditions,the plant height of TR-2 treatment group was the best,which increased by 48.47%and 146.94%respectively compared with TR-1 and TR-3.The coverage and survival rate of TR-3 treatment group were the best.Compared with the control group,the plant height,coverage and survival rate of TR-1,TR-2 and TR-3 treatment groups were significantly improved,indicating that Haloxylon ammodendron planted in sandy soil was easier to survive,and the vegetation would grow better after watering twice a week.(3)According to the principal component analysis method,when the vegetation is the same,the scores of irrigation treatment group are higher than those of the control group.When the irrigation conditions are the same,the effect of planting Glycyrrhiza aspera Pall.is the best,and the compre

关 键 词：采煤沉陷区 沙地 生态修复 主成分分析法 

分 类 号：X171.4[环境科学与工程—环境科学]