低蛋白日粮对肉种母鸡繁殖性能的影响  

Low-protein diets and their impact on the reproductive performance of broiler breeders

作　　者：高铭坤 吕增鹏 李冬立 刘爱巧[2] 呙于明[1] GAO Mingkun;LV Zengpeng;LI Dongli;LIU Aiqiao;GUO Yuming(State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding,College of Animal Science and Technology,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100193,China;Beijing Huadu Yukou Poultry Industry Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 101206,China)

机构地区：[1]动物营养与饲养国家重点实验室动物科学技术学院中国农业大学,北京100193 [2]北京市华都峪口禽业有限责任公司,北京101206

出　　处：《中国饲料》2023年第22期154-159,共6页China Feed

基　　金：国家肉鸡产业技术体系项目(CARS-41-G11);国家蛋鸡产业技术体系项目(CARS-40);国家重点研发计划资助(2021YFD1300404);北京沃德辰龙生物科技股份有限公司揭榜挂帅项目(69193033)。

摘　　要：低蛋白日粮技术在畜禽生产降本增效方面具有重要作用,但是在肉种鸡生产中应用和研究鲜有报道。为探究低蛋白日粮对产蛋后期肉种鸡产蛋性能与孵化性能的影响,试验选取体重和产蛋性能相近的41周龄沃德188肉种母鸡720只,随机分成3组,每组8个重复,每个重复30只鸡。对照组饲喂常规蛋白水平(15%)日粮,低蛋白I水平日粮组与低蛋白II水平日粮组较常规日粮分别降低2%与3%的粗蛋白质,并依据氨基酸与电解质平衡原则额外添加合成氨基酸和电解质配平相关参数,试验周期为7周。研究结果表明:(1)与对照组相比,低蛋白I组与低蛋白II组产蛋后期肉种鸡的平均产蛋率显著提高(P<0.05),平均蛋重和料蛋比无显著差异(P>0.05)。(2)与对照组相比,低蛋白日粮I组的死亡率无显著变化,低蛋白II组的死亡率增加了1.66个百分点。(3)与对照组相比,低蛋白日粮I组的孵化率提高了0.88个百分点,健雏率无显著差异,而低蛋白II组的受精率降低了2.46个百分点,健雏率降低了11.66个百分点。综上,在肉种鸡产蛋后期运用低蛋白日粮技术改善繁殖性能是可行的,依据氨基酸和电解质平衡原则将日粮粗蛋白质水平降低2%具有较好效果。Low-protein diet technology plays a crucial role in cost reduction and efficiency improvement in livestock and poultry production.However,its application and research in broiler breeders production are underreported.This study aimed to investigate the impact of low-protein diets on the egg production performance and hatchability of broiler breeders during the late laying period.A total of 720 WOD 188 broiler breeders at 41 weeks of age,with similar body weight and egg production performance,were randomly divided into three groups,each with 8 replicates,consisting of 30 chickens per replicate.The control group was fed a conventional protein level(15%)diet,while the low-protein I group and low-protein II group reduced crude protein levels in the diet by 2%and 3%compared to the control diet,respectively.Additional synthetic amino acids and electrolyte balance-related parameters were included based on the principles of amino acid and electrolyte balance.The experimental period lasted for 7 weeks.The results showed that:(1)Compared to the control group,the average egg production rate of broiler breeders during the late laying period in both low-protein I and low-protein II groups significantly improved(P<0.05),with no significant impact on average egg weight and feed-to-egg ratio(P>0.05).(2)Compared to the control group,the mortality rate in the low-protein I group remained unchanged,while the low-protein II group showed an increase of 1.66 percentage points in mortality rate.(3)Compared to the control group,the hatchability rate increased by 0.88 percentage points in the low-protein I group with no significant difference in chick health rate.However,the low-protein II group exhibited a decrease of 2.46 percentage points in fertility rate and an 11.66 percentage points reduction in chick health rate.In conclusion,the use of low-protein diets during the late laying period of broiler breeders to improve reproductive performance was feasible.Lowering dietary crude protein levels by 2%based on the principles of amino acid

关 键 词：低蛋白 肉种母鸡 氨基酸 繁殖性能 

分 类 号：S816.4[农业科学—饲料科学]