牧草发酵饲料对老龄蛋鸡产蛋性能和鸡蛋品质的影响  

Effects of fermented grass feed on production performance and egg quality in aged laying hens

作　　者：郭志奇 林静 张顺心 罗状状 孟昆[1] 马广田 王晶[1] 武书庚[1] 刘英丽[2] 杨培龙[1] 张海军[1] 于建明 GUO Zhiqi;LIN Jing;ZHANG Shunxin;LUO Zhuangzhuang;MENG Kun;MA Guangtian;WANG Jing;WU Shugeng;LIU Yingli;YANG Peilong;ZHANG Haijun;YU Jianming(Key Laboratory of feed biotechnology of ministry of agriculture and rural affairs,National engineering research center of biological feed,Institute of feed research,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100081,China;College of animal science and technology,Xinyang Agriculture and Forestry University,Xinyang,Henan Province 464006,China;Hainan Liang'an yisheng agriculture and animal husbandry technology Co.,Ltd,Haikou,Hainan Province 571100,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院饲料研究所,农业农村部饲料生物技术重点研究室,生物饲料开发国家工程研究中心,北京100081 [2]信阳农林学院动物科技学院,河南信阳464006 [3]海南粮安益生农牧科技有限责任公司,海南海口571100

出　　处：《中国饲料》2023年第22期328-333,共6页China Feed

基　　金：国家重点研发计划课题(2021YFD1300204);家禽产业技术体系北京市创新团队项目(CARS-PSTP);中国农业科学院创新工程专项(IFR-ZDRW202301)。

摘　　要：牧草发酵饲料是新型的饲料资源。本试验旨在研究牧草发酵饲料替代全价饲料对老龄蛋鸡产蛋性能和鸡蛋品质的影响,并确定其适宜用量。选用576只60周龄京红1号产蛋鸡,随机分为6个日粮处理组:基础日粮对照组,替代基础日粮1%、2%、4%、8%和16%的发酵牧草组,试验期4周。研究结果表明:1%和2%发酵牧草组产蛋率和产蛋量高于对照组,16%发酵牧草组蛋重降低,产蛋率略高,整体产蛋量与对照组相当。发酵牧草饲喂2周后,鸡蛋的蛋白高度、哈氏单位和蛋壳强度数值高于对照组;饲喂4周后,发酵牧草组鸡蛋品质和对照组仍无显著差异,但2%和16%发酵牧草组较好。可见,牧草发酵饲料在产蛋鸡日粮中以1%或2%的比例替代全价饲料,产蛋性能和蛋品质较好,替代比例较高时会降低蛋重,但对产蛋性能无不良影响。牧草发酵饲料可以短期内替代蛋鸡饲料中的玉米和豆粕,缓解饲料资源不足,最高用量可达16%。牧草发酵饲料在老龄蛋鸡中的长期饲喂效果有待后续研究。Fermented grass feed is a new type of feed resource.The purpose of this experiment was to investigate the effects of replacing complete feed with fermented grass feed on production performance and egg quality in aged laying hens,and to determine the appropriate dosage.A total of 576 healthy Jinghong 1#laying hens aged 60 weeks were randomly divided into six groups,namely the basal diet control group,the fermented grass group that replaced the basal diet with 1%,2%,4%,8%,and 16%,respectively.The formal test period was 8 week.The results showed that the laying rate and egg production of the 1% and 2% fermented grass groups were higher than the control group.The overall egg production of the 16% fermented grass group was comparable to the control group,with the egg weight decreased,and the egg production rate slightly increased.After feeding fermented grass for 2 weeks,albumen height,Haugh unit and eggshell strength of fermented grass feed group were higher than control group.After feeding for 4 weeks,there was no significant difference in egg quality between the fermented grass group and the control group,but the 2% and 16% fermented grass groups were better.It could be seen that replacing the complete feed with 1% or 2% fermented grass feed in the diet of laying hens could slightly improve the laying performance and egg quality.However,higher replacement ratio could reduce the egg weight,but there is no adverse effect on the laying performance.Fermented grass feed could replace corn and soybean meal in layer feed in a short time,and alleviate the shortage of feed resources.The maximum dosage could reach 16%.The long-term feeding effect of fermented grass feed in aged layers needs to be further studied.

关 键 词：牧草发酵饲料 产蛋鸡 产蛋性能 鸡蛋品质 

分 类 号：S816.4[农业科学—饲料科学]