高寒草地不同刈割期栽培燕麦草的营养价值评定  

Evaluation of nutrient value of cultivated oat grass at different cutting stages in alpine grassland

作　　者：徐云祥 刘毅 拜彬强[1] 赵鑫盛 苟钰姣 钟荣珍[2] 乔赛毛措 郝力壮[1] XU Yun-xiang;LIU Yi;BAI Bin-qiang;ZHAO Xin-sheng;GOU Yu-jiao;ZHONG Rong-zhen;QIAO Sai-mao-cuo;HAO Li-zhuang

机构地区：[1]青海大学、青海省高原放牧家畜动物营养与饲料科学重点实验室、青海大学畜牧兽医科学院、青海大学农牧学院,青海西宁810016 [2]中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所、吉林省饲料加工与草食家畜精准饲养跨区域科技创新中心、吉林省草地畜牧重点实验室,吉林长春130102 [3]黄南州动物疫病预防控制中心,青海黄南811399

出　　处：《饲料研究》2023年第22期99-105,共7页Feed Research

基　　金：国家重点研发子课题(项目编号:2022YFD1302103、2022YFD1602311、2022YFD1602301);中国科学院西部之光A类项目(1-7);青海省“昆仑英才·高端创新创业人才”拔尖人才项目(郝力壮);泽库县科技特派员工作站001号站。

摘　　要：试验旨在系统评价高寒地区禾本科一年生牧草不同时期的营养价值。以高原地区常见的4种燕麦草(白燕麦、青燕麦、科纳燕麦和林纳燕麦)为研究对象,采用概略养分分析法、体外产气法并结合不同时期单位面积产量综合评定。结果表明,4种燕麦草的鲜草产量均在乳熟期达到峰值,干草产量在成熟期最盛。随着刈割时间的推移,4种燕麦草的鲜干比、粗蛋白(CP)含量和粗脂肪(EE)含量降低;而酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)和中性洗涤纤维(NDF)含量增加,能量变化不大。4种燕麦草72 h发酵液总挥发性脂肪酸(TVFA)浓度随刈割期的推移而下降,乙酸、丙酸、异丁酸和丁酸含量均在抽穗期最高。研究表明,燕麦草在成熟期刈割干草产量最高,在抽穗期刈割品质最好,在乳熟期刈割单位面积营养物质输出量、可消化干物质和有机物产量最高。The study was to systematically evaluate the nutritional value of annual grasses in the alpine region.Four common species of oat grass(white oat,green oat,Connor oat and Rinna oat)in the plateau region were studied,the general nutrient analysis,gas production in vitro and yield per unit area in different periods were adopted.The results showed that the fresh grass yield of the four species of oat grass reached the peak at the milk stage,and the hay yield reached its peak at the mature stage.The fresh to dry ratio,CP content and EE content of the four oat grass decreased,while the content of ADF and NDF increased with little change in energy.The content of TVFA in the 72 h fermentation broth of four oat grasses decreased with the increase of harvest time,and the content of acetic acid,propionic acid,isobutyric acid and butyric acid was the highest at heading time.The study indicates that oat grass has the highest hay yield at maturity,the highest hay quality at heading,and the highest nutrient output,digestible dry matter and organic matter yield per unit area cut at milk maturity.

关 键 词：燕麦草 产草量 营养价值 刈割期 

分 类 号：S816[农业科学—饲料科学]