霉菌毒素在反刍动物饲料中的危害及防控措施  

Harm of mycotoxins in ruminant feed and prevention and control measures

作　　者：徐博文 米俊宪[2] 陈盼 丁文丽 郑丽君 菅复春[1] 黄淑成 XU Bo-wen;MI Jun-xian;CHEN Pan;DING Wen-li;ZHENG Li-jun;JIAN Fu-chun;HUANG Shu-cheng

机构地区：[1]河南农业大学动物医学院,河南郑州450002 [2]河南牧业经济学院,河南郑州450046

出　　处：《饲料研究》2023年第22期151-155,共5页Feed Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(项目编号:32202876);中国博士后基金项目(项目编号:2023T160198);河南省科技攻关基金项目(项目编号:232102111046)。

摘　　要：饲料质量对畜牧业发展至关重要,直接影响动物健康及其产品安全。在适宜条件下,霉菌可在饲料中生长并产生毒素,受污染的饲料一旦被动物摄食,能够导致动物生产性能下降、组织器官病变以及繁殖障碍等问题,严重影响养殖的经济效益。由于食物链的富集作用,最终霉菌毒素也可能危害人类健康。牛、羊等反刍动物养殖在我国畜牧业中占有很大比重,而用于饲喂反刍动物的饲料在收获前和贮藏过程中易受霉菌侵袭,导致霉菌毒素污染问题出现。目前,国内外对饲料中霉菌毒素污染的研究主要集中在猪、家禽等单胃动物,反刍动物相关报道较少。因此,文章从反刍动物饲料中霉菌毒素的种类、污染现状、对反刍动物组织器官的影响以及防控措施等方面进行探讨,为反刍动物健康养殖提供参考。Feed quality is very important for the development of animal husbandry and directly affects animal health and product safety.Under the right conditions,mold can grow in the feed and produce toxins,and once the contaminated feed is ingested by animals,it can lead to problems such as reduced animal production performance,tissue and organ lesions and reproductive disorders,which seriously affects the economic benefits of animals themselves.Because of the enrichment of the food chain,mycotoxins may also harm human health eventually.The breeding of ruminants such as cattle and sheep occupies a large proportion in Chinese animal husbandry,and the feed used for feeding ruminants is susceptible to mold attack before harvest and during storage,resulting in mycotoxin contamination.At present,the research on mycotoxin contamination in feed at home and abroad mainly focuses on single-stomach animals such as pigs and poultry,and there are few reports on ruminants.Therefore,the paper discusses the types of mycotoxins in ruminant feed,pollution status,influence on ruminant tissues and organs,and prevention and control measures,to provide reference for healthy breeding of ruminants.

关 键 词：反刍动物 饲料 霉菌毒素 健康养殖 

分 类 号：S816.3[农业科学—饲料科学]