白细胞介素在视神经脊髓炎谱系疾病中的作用  

Role of interleukin in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder

作　　者：徐歆桐(综述) 徐全刚[2] 魏世辉(审校)[3] Xu Xintong;Xu Quangang;Wei Shihui(Medical School of Chinese PLA,Beijing 100853,China;The Third Medical Center of the Chinese PLA General Hospital,Beijing 100039,China;The First Medical Center of the Chinese PLA General Hospital,Beijing 100853,China)

机构地区：[1]解放军医学院,北京100853 [2]解放军总医院第三医学中心,北京100039 [3]解放军总医院第一医学中心,北京100853

出　　处：《中华实验眼科杂志》2023年第11期1124-1129,共6页Chinese Journal Of Experimental Ophthalmology

基　　金：国际科技创新合作重点专项项目(2018YFE0113900)。

摘　　要：视神经脊髓炎谱系疾病(NMOSD)是一种以视神经和脊髓受累为主的中枢神经系统炎性脱髓鞘性疾病。越来越多的研究表明,除了抗水通道蛋白4抗体,白细胞介素(IL)在介导NMOSD疾病进展中也发挥了重要作用。常见的CD4^(+)T细胞可分泌各种类型的IL,例如,Th17细胞分泌的IL-17A和IL-21等,可以破坏血-脑屏障进入中枢神经系统,进而在自身免疫中发挥作用;Th2细胞分泌的IL-4和IL-10通过激活巨噬细胞调节免疫反应;调节性CD4^(+)T细胞则可通过限制各种免疫细胞功能而抑制免疫反应。此外,NMOSD患者脑脊液和血液中相关的IL水平也会在发病的不同时期发生变化。本文主要通过对NMOSD相关的IL作用及变化特征进行综述,探讨其是否能作为诊断NMOSD的生物标志物,进而帮助我们深入理解其致病机制。Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder(NMOSD)is an inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system,primarily affecting the optic nerve and spinal cord.In addition to aquaporin 4 antibody,more and more studies have shown that interleukins(IL)also play an important role in the progression of NMOSD.For example,among the most common CD4^(+)T cells,Th17 cells can destroy the blood-brain barrier to invade the central nervous system and then affect autoimmunity;Th2-mediated IL-4 and IL-10 regulate immune activities by activating macrophages;Tregs can suppress the immune response by restricting various immune cell functions.The levels of related IL in the cerebrospinal fluid and blood of NMOSD patients vary at different stages of the disease course.This article mainly reviews the role and a change characteristics of interleukins related to NMOSD,which helps us to understand its pathogenic mechanism in-depth,and discusses whether IL can be used as immunophysiological markers to diagnose NMOSD.

关 键 词：视神经脊髓炎谱系疾病 白细胞介素 TH17细胞 TH2细胞 Tregs细胞 

分 类 号：R744.52[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]