《三德》《墨子》字词献疑三则  

Three Queries About the Words in Sande(《三德》)and Mozi(《墨子》)

作　　者：王永昌 WANG Yongchang

机构地区：[1]山西大学文学院

出　　处：《汉字汉语研究》2023年第3期30-34,125,共6页The Study Of Chinese Characters And Language

基　　金：国家社科基金青年项目“清华简文字与晋系文字对比研究”(19CYY029)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：文章对上博简《三德》《墨子》中的几处文字释读提出了新的意见。第一,根据上博简《周易》及相关传世文献资料,文章认为上博简《三德》简17中的“■”当读为“不”,“会”当读为“合”,“合亲”见于《左传》《管子》《说苑》等文献,意即聚合亲族、使亲族和睦。第二,文章认为《墨子·尚同下》“辟百姓之毁”中的“辟”当读为“被”,遭受之意。第三,文章以简帛文字资料为参考,认为《墨子·非攻下》“以争诸侯之毙”中的“争”字当为“爰”字之讹写,“爰”读为“援”,援助之意。This paper puts forward some new interpretations on the meaning of some words in the manuscripts of Sande(《三德》)and Mozi(《墨子》)from Shanghai Museum bamboo slips.Firstly,based on Zhouyi(《周易》)of Shanghai Museum bamboo slips and related extant documents,this paper believes that the word peng(■)in Sande(《三德》)Slip 17 should be read as bu(不),the word hui(会)should be read as he(合),“heqin(合亲)”found in Zuozhuan(《左传》)、Guanzi(《管子》)、Shuoyuan(《说苑》)and other literatures,indicating gathering members of the same clan together and bringing them harmony.Secondly,the word bi(辟)of“bibaixingzhihui(辟百姓之毁)”in Mozi Shangtongxia(《墨子·尚同下》)should be read as bei(被),meaning suff ering something.Thirdly,based on some related words in bamboo slips,this paper believes that the character zheng(争)of“yizhengzhuhouzhibi(以争诸侯之毙)”in Mozi Feigongxia(《墨子·非攻下》)should be the wrong character of yuan(爰),which should be read as yuan(援),and means assistance.

关 键 词：三德 墨子 ■ 会 辟 争 

分 类 号：H12[语言文字—汉语] H131