农户粮食产后前端储藏环节减损对策研究  

Study on the Countermeasures for the Food Reduction of the Front-end Storage Stage of Farmers' Grain After Delivery

作　　者：彭雨晴 樊琦[1] 唐思 张大琴 肖娜娜 黄艺博 张旭波[1] PENG Yu-qing;FAN Qi;TANG Si;ZHANG Da-qin;XIAO Na-na;HUANG Yi-bo;ZHANG Xu-bo(School of Economics,Wuhan Polytechnic University,Wuhan,Hubei 430048,China;School of Humanities and Communication,Wuhan Polytechnic University,Wuhan,Hubei 430048,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉轻工大学经济学院,湖北武汉430048 [2]武汉轻工大学人文与传媒学院,湖北武汉430048

出　　处：《粮油食品科技》2023年第6期179-184,共6页Science and Technology of Cereals,Oils and Foods

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(72241016)。

摘　　要：近年来,随着我国城镇化水平的不断提升,农业人口加快向城市转移,农户储粮的数量规模呈现明显下降趋势,但每年因农户储藏不当造成的粮食产后损失问题依然突出。以稻谷品种为例,主要针对我国农户粮食产后前端储藏环节的特点、损失率、损失原因等方面问题进行了深入调查分析。研究发现:目前我国农户储粮数量规模逐渐减少、但总量规模依然较大;农户储粮目的多用于口粮和饲料用粮、少量为等待更佳售粮时机;农户储粮的数量规模存在区域差异性,主要表现为主产区高于产销平衡区和主销区;我国农户粮食储藏环节的损失率总体呈下降趋势,农户间储藏损失率有明显差异;由于农户储藏设施简陋、储藏管理不当、科学储藏意识淡薄、储藏技术欠缺等原因造成鼠害、霉变和虫害损失较大,其中以鼠害损失最为严重。基于此,提出了针对性的减损治理对策建议。In recent years,with the continuous improvement of China's urbanization level,the transfer of agricultural population to cities has stepped up,and the number and scale of grain stored by farmers have shown a significant downward trend.However,the problem of grain postpartum loss caused by improper storage of farmers is still prominent every year.This paper mainly conducts in-depth investigation and analysis on the characteristics,loss rate and loss causes of the front-end storage links of farmers' grain in China.The study found out that at present,the scale of grain storage of farmers in China is gradually decreasing,but the total scale is still large.The purpose of grain storage of farmers is mostly used for rations and feed grain,and a small amount is to wait for a better time to sell grain.There are regional differences in the number and scale of grain storage of farmers,which is mainly manifested in the fact that the main production area is higher than the production and marketing balance area and the main sales area.The study also found that the loss rate of grain storage in China's farmers showed a downward trend,and there were significant differences in the loss rate of grain storage among farmers.Due to the poor storage facilities of farmers,improper storage management,weak scientific storage awareness,lack of storage technology and other reasons,the loss of rodents,mildew and pests is large,among which the loss of rodents is the most serious.Finally,the study also puts forward some countermeasures and suggestions for targeted derogation management.

关 键 词：农户储粮 储粮损失 减损对策 

分 类 号：F326.11[经济管理—产业经济] TS201.4[轻工技术与工程—食品科学] S-3[轻工技术与工程—食品科学与工程]